Lillaz C, Varescon I
Laboratoire de psychopathologie et processus de santé (EA 4057), institut universitaire de psychologie Paris-Descartes (IUPDP), université Paris-Descartes, 71, avenue Edouard-Vaillant, 92774 Boulogne-Billancourt cedex, France.
Encephale. 2012 Oct;38(5):390-6. doi: 10.1016/j.encep.2011.11.009. Epub 2012 Jan 5.
Deficits in the communication and identifying of feelings are usually observed in substance abuse. Research in several countries has reported sensation seeking and alexithymia implication in addiction. According to a cognitive-developmental model of emotional experience proposed, alexithymia is a deficit in the cognitive processing of emotion that can be seen as an impairment in the ability to consciously experience feeling in the context of autonomic activation indicate of emotional arousal. The primary objective of this study was to identify certain personality dimensions linked with emotions' regulation, i.e. Zuckerman's sensation seeking, alexithymia, and emotional awareness in ecstasy and cocaine users at techno parties.
Subjects were divided in two groups: 37 male ecstasy or cocaine abusers, and 37 male non-drug users. We hypothesized that ecstasy and cocaine users would exhibit high levels of sensation seeking (high level of sensation seeking,), and emotional dysregulation (high level of alexithymia and depression, low level of emotional awareness). The methodology comprised a questionnaire developed for the study, designed to record sociodemographic data and evaluate psychoactive substance use, the MlINI (mini international psychiatric interview), the Zuckerman 40-item Sensation Seeking Scale (SSS-IV), the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), the Levels of Emotional Awareness Scale (LEAS), and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-13). Subjects were recruited during rave-parties.
The results showed significantly higher sensation seeking scores for ecstasy and cocaine users for the score total and the disinhibition and experience seeking subdimensions. Ecstasy and cocaine abusers exhibited higher TAS-20 and BDI-13 scores and lower levels of emotional awareness than non-drug users. No correlation between the TAS-20 and depression symptomatology emerged. No significant correlations were found between LEAS and TAS-20.
These results provide new elements concerning the profile of drug users at techno parties and illustrate the changing practices of ecstasy use. The LEAS and the TAS-20 were not intercorrelated; it seems plausible that they reflect two sides of the emotional states self-report. These results reinforce the suggestion of combining the use of self-reports with non self-report methods.
在药物滥用中通常会观察到情感沟通和识别方面的缺陷。多个国家的研究报告了成瘾中感觉寻求和述情障碍的影响。根据提出的情感体验认知发展模型，述情障碍是情感认知加工方面的缺陷，可被视为在自主激活表明情绪唤醒的背景下有意识体验情感能力的损害。本研究的主要目的是确定与情绪调节相关的某些人格维度，即祖克曼的感觉寻求、述情障碍以及在锐舞派对上摇头丸和可卡因使用者的情绪意识。
将受试者分为两组：37名男性摇头丸或可卡因滥用者，以及37名男性非药物使用者。我们假设摇头丸和可卡因使用者会表现出高水平的感觉寻求（高感觉寻求水平）和情绪调节障碍（高述情障碍和抑郁水平、低情绪意识水平）。该方法包括为该研究编制的一份问卷，旨在记录社会人口统计学数据并评估精神活性物质的使用情况、迷你国际精神科访谈（MlINI）、祖克曼40项感觉寻求量表（SSS-IV）、多伦多述情障碍量表（TAS-20）、情绪意识水平量表（LEAS）以及贝克抑郁量表（BDI-13）。在锐舞派对期间招募受试者。
结果显示，摇头丸和可卡因使用者在总分以及去抑制和体验寻求子维度上的感觉寻求得分显著更高。摇头丸和可卡因滥用者的TAS-20和BDI-13得分高于非药物使用者，且情绪意识水平更低。TAS-20与抑郁症状之间未出现相关性。LEAS与TAS-20之间未发现显著相关性。
这些结果提供了有关锐舞派对上吸毒者特征的新信息，并说明了摇头丸使用方式的变化。LEAS和TAS-20不相互关联；它们似乎反映了情绪状态自我报告的两个方面，这似乎是合理的。这些结果强化了将自我报告与非自我报告方法结合使用的建议。
