Department of Dermatology, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Juan D. Peron 4190 (CP1181ACH), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Clin Dermatol. 2012 Nov-Dec;30(6):633-50. doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2012.01.011.
Systemic mycoses are a heterogeneous group of infections caused by different species of fungi that mainly affect individuals with primary or secondary alterations of immunity. In recent years, there has been an increase in the incidence of infections related to migration, AIDS, and other causes of immunosuppression, such as solid organ and bone marrow transplantation; oncological, hematological, and autoimmune diseases; and the use of new drugs. In this paper, we outline the microbiological and epidemiological characteristics of 3 fungi: Aspergillus spp, Fusarium spp, and Penicillium spp. We describe the clinical manifestations of disease with emphasis on those that should alert the dermatologist to make an early diagnosis. We detail the various tools for early diagnosis, prevention, and the epidemiology of different antifungals available for treatment and their mechanism of action and therapeutic efficacy.
系统性真菌病是一组由不同种真菌引起的异质性感染，主要影响原发性或继发性免疫改变的个体。近年来，与移民、艾滋病和其他免疫抑制原因相关的感染发病率有所增加，如实体器官和骨髓移植；肿瘤、血液和自身免疫性疾病；以及新药物的使用。在本文中，我们概述了 3 种真菌（曲霉属、镰刀菌属和青霉属）的微生物学和流行病学特征。我们描述了疾病的临床表现，重点介绍了那些应该提醒皮肤科医生进行早期诊断的临床表现。我们详细介绍了各种早期诊断工具、预防措施以及不同抗真菌药物的流行病学情况及其作用机制和治疗效果。
