Athletic Training Program, Arizona School of Health Sciences, A.T. Still University, Mesa, USA.
J Athl Train. 2012 Sep-Oct;47(5):549-56. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-47.5.11.
To improve patient care, athletic training clinicians and researchers should work together to translate research findings into clinical practice. Problems with patient care observed in clinical practice should be translated into research frameworks, where they can be studied. Practice-based research networks (PBRNs) provide a compelling model for linking clinicians and researchers so they can conduct translational research to improve patient care.
To describe (1) the translational research model, (2) practice-based research as a mechanism for translating research findings into clinical practice, (3) the PBRN model and infrastructure, (4) the research potential using the PBRN model, and (5) protection of human participants in PBRN research.
Translational research is the process of transforming research findings into health behavior that ultimately serves the public and attempts to bridge the gap between research and clinical practice. Practice-based research represents the final step in the translational research continuum and describes research conducted by providers in clinical practices. The PBRNs are characterized by an organizational framework that transcends a single site or study and serves as the clinical research "laboratory" for conducting comparative-effectiveness studies using patient-oriented measures. The PBRN approach to research has many benefits, including enhanced generalizability of results, pooling of resources, rapid patient recruitment, and collaborative opportunities. However, multisite research also brings challenges related to the protection of human participants and institutional review board oversight. CLINICAL AND RESEARCH ADVANTAGES: Athletic training studies frequently include relatively few participants and, consequently, are able to detect only large effects. The incidence of injury at a single site is sufficiently low that gathering enough data to adequately power a treatment study may take many years. Collaborative efforts across diverse clinical practice environments can yield larger patient samples to overcome the limitations inherent in single-site research efforts.
为了改善患者护理，运动训练临床医生和研究人员应共同努力，将研究结果转化为临床实践。应将临床实践中观察到的患者护理问题转化为研究框架，在其中进行研究。基于实践的研究网络（PBRN）为联系临床医生和研究人员提供了一个引人注目的模型，使他们能够进行转化研究以改善患者护理。
描述（1）转化研究模型，（2）将基于实践的研究作为将研究结果转化为临床实践的机制，（3）PBRN 模型和基础设施，（4）使用 PBRN 模型的研究潜力，以及（5）PBRN 研究中保护人类参与者。
转化研究是将研究结果转化为健康行为的过程，最终为公众服务，并试图弥合研究与临床实践之间的差距。基于实践的研究代表了转化研究连续体的最后一步，描述了临床医生在临床实践中进行的研究。PBRN 的特点是超越单个地点或研究的组织框架，并作为使用面向患者的措施进行比较效果研究的临床研究“实验室”。PBRN 方法的研究有许多好处，包括增强结果的普遍性、资源的汇集、快速招募患者以及合作机会。但是，多站点研究也带来了与保护人类参与者和机构审查委员会监督相关的挑战。
运动训练研究通常包括相对较少的参与者，因此只能检测到大的效果。单个地点的受伤发生率足够低，以至于收集足够的数据来充分为治疗研究提供动力可能需要多年时间。在不同的临床实践环境中进行协作努力可以产生更大的患者样本，以克服单个研究努力固有的局限性。
