Larsson-Cohn U, Wallentin L, Zador G
Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand Suppl. 1979;88:57-60. doi: 10.3109/00016347909157230.
Seventy-five menstruating women seeking contraceptive advice were randomly allocated to treatment with combined oral contraceptives containing either ethinyl estradiol 30 micrograms + levonorgestrel 150 micrograms (30/150), ethinyl estradiol 50 micrograms + levonorgestrel 125 micrograms (50/125) or ethinyl estradiol 50 micrograms + levonorgestrel 250 micrograms (50/250). The concentrations of cholesterol, phospholipids, high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, HDL-phospholipids and triglycerides were determined prior to treatment and after one, three and six months of medication. Triglycerides increased by 18--42 per cent after one to six months of treatment with 50/125. The HDL-cholesterol and HDL-phospholipids were reduced by 10 per cent during 50/250 medication. No other parameters showed any consistent alteration in any of the treatment groups. Raised triglyceride concentration and/or decreased HDL concentration may increase the risk for cardiovascular disease. It is therefore suggested that in order not to alter the HDL concentration a combined oral contraceptive agent should probably not contain more 19-nortestosterone type of progestogen than corresponding to 125--150 micrograms of levonorgestrel. To avoid a rise of the triglyceride level the weight relation between levonorgestrel and ethinyl estradiol should be about 5:1.
75名寻求避孕建议的月经来潮女性被随机分配接受含炔雌醇30微克+左炔诺孕酮150微克（30/150）、炔雌醇50微克+左炔诺孕酮125微克（50/125）或炔雌醇50微克+左炔诺孕酮250微克（50/250）的复方口服避孕药治疗。在治疗前以及用药1个月、3个月和6个月后测定胆固醇、磷脂、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）-胆固醇、HDL-磷脂和甘油三酯的浓度。使用50/125治疗1至6个月后，甘油三酯升高了18%至42%。在使用50/250药物期间，HDL-胆固醇和HDL-磷脂降低了10%。在任何治疗组中，其他参数均未显示出任何一致的变化。甘油三酯浓度升高和/或HDL浓度降低可能会增加心血管疾病的风险。因此，建议为了不改变HDL浓度，复方口服避孕药所含的19-去甲睾酮类孕激素可能不应超过相当于125至150微克左炔诺孕酮的量。为避免甘油三酯水平升高，左炔诺孕酮与炔雌醇的重量比应为5:1左右。
