1Dirección de Investigaciones Epidemiológicas y Sociales. Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente, Mexico City, Mexico.
Int J Soc Psychiatry. 2013 Dec;59(8):811-8. doi: 10.1177/0020764012461202. Epub 2012 Oct 15.
In developing countries, little is known about public recognition and beliefs about treatment of severe mental disorders, both emergent key elements in reducing stigma and the gap of treatment of such patients. It has been proposed that they may be related to gender and perception of patient's aggressiveness and/or dangerousness.
To assess mental illness recognition and beliefs about treatment of schizophrenia, and to determine their relationship with perception of patient's aggressiveness/dangerousness and gender of the perceiver in a community sample of Mexico City.
A convenience sample of 1038 subjects responded to a questionnaire that assesses all variables after reading a vignette of a patient with paranoid schizophrenia.
Women were 1.88 times more likely to recognize the presence of mental illness and considered psychiatric interventions as the most adequate treatment of symptoms. In contrast, non-psychiatric interventions were more often considered by men (64.7%). Responders who recognize mental illness were more likely to perceive the patient as dangerous, which was related to the suggestion of more restrictive interventions.
It is necessary to direct special efforts to increase mental health literacy among men. The general public needs objective information about aggression and dangerousness in anti-stigma campaigns among developing countries similar to Mexico.
在发展中国家，对于严重精神障碍的治疗，公众的认知和信念知之甚少，而这两者都是减少污名化和治疗此类患者缺口的关键因素。有人提出，这些因素可能与性别以及对患者攻击性和/或危险性的看法有关。
评估墨西哥城社区样本中对精神分裂症的认识和治疗信念，并确定它们与对患者攻击性/危险性的看法以及知觉者的性别之间的关系。
对一个方便的 1038 名受试者样本进行了问卷调查，在阅读了一位偏执型精神分裂症患者的病例后，评估了所有变量。
女性识别出存在精神疾病的可能性是男性的 1.88 倍，并且认为精神科干预是治疗症状的最适当方法。相比之下，男性更倾向于考虑非精神科干预（64.7%）。识别出精神疾病的受访者更有可能认为患者有危险，这与更严格的干预措施的建议有关。
有必要特别努力提高男性的心理健康素养。在类似墨西哥的发展中国家的反污名化运动中，公众需要有关攻击性和危险性的客观信息。
