Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Molecular Biology Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2012;7(10):e46719. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0046719. Epub 2012 Oct 5.
L-isoaspartyl (D-aspartyl) O-methyltransferase deficient mice (Pcmt1(-/-)) accumulate isomerized aspartyl residues in intracellular proteins until their death due to seizures at approximately 45 days. Previous studies have shown that these mice have constitutively activated insulin signaling in their brains, and that these brains are 20-30% larger than those from age-matched wild-type animals. To determine whether insulin pathway activation and brain enlargement is responsible for the fatal seizures, we administered wortmannin, an inhibitor of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase that catalyzes an early step in the insulin pathway. Oral wortmannin reduced the average brain size in the Pcmt1(-/-) animals to within 6% of the wild-type DMSO administered controls, and nearly doubled the lifespan of Pcmt1(-/-) at 60% survival of the original population. Immunoblotting revealed significant decreases in phosphorylation of Akt, PDK1, and mTOR in Pcmt1(-/-) mice and Akt and PDK1 in wild-type animals upon treatment with wortmannin. These data suggest activation of the insulin pathway and its resulting brain enlargement contributes to the early death of Pcmt1-/- mice, but is not solely responsible for the early death observed in these animals.
L-异天冬氨酰基(D-天冬氨酰基)O-甲基转移酶缺陷型小鼠(Pcmt1(-/-))由于大约 45 天时的癫痫发作而死亡,其细胞内蛋白质中天冬氨酸残基发生异构化。先前的研究表明,这些小鼠的大脑中胰岛素信号持续激活,其大脑比同龄的野生型动物大 20-30%。为了确定胰岛素途径的激活和大脑增大是否是导致致命性癫痫发作的原因,我们给予了 wortmannin,一种磷酸肌醇 3-激酶的抑制剂,该激酶催化胰岛素途径的早期步骤。口服 wortmannin 将 Pcmt1(-/-) 动物的平均脑容量减少到与接受 DMSO 处理的野生型对照组相差 6%以内,并且将 Pcmt1(-/-) 的寿命延长了近两倍,使原始种群的 60%存活。免疫印迹显示,在用 wortmannin 处理后,Pcmt1(-/-) 小鼠中 Akt、PDK1 和 mTOR 的磷酸化显著降低,而野生型动物中 Akt 和 PDK1 的磷酸化也显著降低。这些数据表明,胰岛素途径的激活及其导致的大脑增大导致了 Pcmt1(-/-) 小鼠的早期死亡,但并不是这些动物中观察到的早期死亡的唯一原因。