Dietz W H
Tufts University School of Medicine, New England Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts.
J Adolesc Health Care. 1990 Jan;11(1):76-81. doi: 10.1016/0197-0070(90)90133-m.
Eating disorders among adolescents in the United States constitute the most frequent nutritional problems in this age group, and their prevalence appears to be increasing. A causal relationship of television viewing to obesity is strongly suggested for children and adolescents. Perhaps as much as 25% of the recent increase in obesity among adolescents may be attributable to increases in television viewing. Associations between television viewing and anorexia and bulimia are less explicit than they are for obesity. Nonetheless, because children and adolescents spend more time viewing television than they do in any activity other than sleep, the world shown on television may acquire a greater reality than the world that is experienced. The low frequency of obesity among televised characters, combined with the frequent food-related references that are contained in both commercials and programming, may promote unrealistic conclusions regarding eating and body weight. Television reflects a cultural contradiction by promoting food consumption and leanness. In this context, bulimia may be viewed as an adaptive response, because only bulimics can eat everything they wish and remain thin.
在美国，青少年饮食失调是该年龄组最常见的营养问题，而且其患病率似乎在上升。看电视与儿童和青少年肥胖之间的因果关系已得到有力证明。青少年肥胖率近期增长中多达25%可能归因于看电视时间的增加。看电视与厌食症和贪食症之间的关联不像与肥胖的关联那么明显。尽管如此，由于儿童和青少年花在看电视上的时间比除睡觉以外的任何活动都多，电视所展示的世界可能比实际经历的世界更真实。电视角色中肥胖者少见，再加上广告和节目中频繁出现与食物相关的内容，可能会促使人们对饮食和体重得出不切实际的结论。电视通过宣扬食物消费和瘦身反映了一种文化矛盾。在这种情况下，贪食症可能被视为一种适应性反应，因为只有贪食症患者能想吃什么就吃什么还能保持苗条。
