Grain Legumes Research Program, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru, Hyderabad 502 324, Andhra Pradesh, India.
J Hered. 2012 Nov-Dec;103(6):898-902. doi: 10.1093/jhered/ess058. Epub 2012 Oct 16.
A spontaneous mutant with natural seed-coat cracking, designated "cracked seed-coat mutant (CSM)," was identified in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) from an F(2) population of a cross ICRISAT chickpea (ICC) 10301 × ICC 12430. The extent of seed-coat cracking (SCC) varied widely from a minute to several wide cracks. Seed coats showed cracks before seeds were fully developed and the plants had reached physiological maturity. However, seed-coat cracks were most visible on dry matured seeds, particularly in desi types. Two loci (Scc-1 and Scc-2) that controlled SCC were identified. F(1) plants from the crosses of CSM with desi genotypes produced seeds with no SCC, whereas F(1) plants from the crosses of CSM with kabuli genotypes produced seeds with SCC. F(2) segregation followed 13:3 and 7:9 ratios for plants without SCC and with SCC in CSM × Desi and CSM × Kabuli crosses, respectively. Three alleles were identified at the first locus (Scc-1) from CSM (Scc-1 (c)), desi (Scc-1 (d)), and kabuli (Scc-1 (k)) types, with the dominance relationship being Scc-1 (d) > Scc-1 (c) > Scc-1 ( k ). At the second locus (Scc-2), CSM had the dominant allele (Scc-2), whereas both desi and kabuli types had the recessive allele (scc-2). The SCC trait showed no linkage with leaf type (pinnate vs. simple) and flower color (pink vs. white) and had no adverse effects on grain yield. The SCC trait may facilitate dehulling and preparation of splits (dal), but the cracked seed would be prone to damage by insect pests and unfavorable moisture conditions.
自发突变体具有天然的种皮开裂，命名为“开裂种皮突变体（CSM）”，是在鹰嘴豆（Cicer arietinum L.）来自 ICRISAT 鹰嘴豆（ICC）10301×ICC 12430 的杂交 F2 群体中鉴定的。种皮开裂（SCC）的程度从微小到几条宽裂缝不等。种皮在种子未完全发育和植物达到生理成熟之前就出现了裂缝。然而，在干燥成熟的种子上，特别是在传统类型中，种皮裂缝最为明显。鉴定出两个控制 SCC 的基因座（Scc-1 和 Scc-2）。CSM 与传统基因型的杂交 F1 植物产生的种子没有 SCC，而 CSM 与卡布利基因型的杂交 F1 植物产生的种子有 SCC。CSM×Desi 和 CSM×Kabuli 杂交的 F2 分离遵循无 SCC 的植物为 13:3 比例和有 SCC 的植物为 7:9 比例。从 CSM 鉴定出三个等位基因位于第一个基因座（Scc-1）（Scc-1 (c)）、传统（Scc-1 (d)）和卡布利（Scc-1 (k)）类型，优势关系为 Scc-1 (d)>Scc-1 (c)>Scc-1 (k)。在第二个基因座（Scc-2）上，CSM 具有显性等位基因（Scc-2），而传统和卡布利类型都具有隐性等位基因（scc-2）。SCC 性状与叶型（羽状对简单）和花色（粉色对白色）无关，对粒产量没有不利影响。SCC 性状可能有利于脱壳和准备分裂（dal），但开裂的种子容易受到害虫和不利水分条件的损害。
