Department and Institute of Microbiology and Virology, The School of Pharmacy and Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
J Med Virol. 2012 Dec;84(12):1857-68. doi: 10.1002/jmv.23395.
The genetic diversity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) offers an opportunity to track the development of the epidemic across different populations. Viral pol gene fragments from 55 individuals of Polish origin with recent HIV-1 infection identified in 2008-2010 in four Polish cities were analyzed. Viral sequences were compared with sequences from 100 individuals (reference group) infected before 2004. Viral spread among groups with different HIV transmission categories was compared using a phylogenetic approach. The majority of sequences from individuals with recent infection were subtype B (93%) within which four transmission clusters (18% of samples) were detected. Samples from men infected through sex between men and from persons infected through injecting drugs were broadly separated (P < 0.0001), while samples from individuals infected by heterosexual contacts were dispersed uniformly within phylogenetic tree (P = 0.244) inferred from viral sequences derived from individuals infected recently and the reference group. The percentage of samples from persons infected by heterosexual contacts which clustered with samples from men infected through sex between men was not significantly higher for those with recent infection (47%), compared to the reference group (36%). In conclusion, men infected by sex between men and individuals infected through injecting drugs appear to form separate HIV transmission networks in Poland. The recent spread of HIV-1 among persons infected with subtype B by heterosexual contacts appears to be linked to both these groups.
人类免疫缺陷病毒 1 型（HIV-1）的遗传多样性为跟踪不同人群中疫情的发展提供了机会。对 2008-2010 年间波兰四个城市 55 名近期感染 HIV-1 的波兰裔个体的病毒 pol 基因片段进行了分析。将病毒序列与 2004 年前感染的 100 名个体（参照组）的序列进行了比较。采用系统发育方法比较了不同 HIV 传播类别的群体之间的病毒传播情况。近期感染个体的大多数序列为 B 亚型（93%），其中检测到 4 个传播簇（占样本的 18%）。通过男男性接触感染和通过注射毒品感染的个体的样本分离明显（P<0.0001），而通过异性接触感染的个体的样本在从近期感染个体和参照组获得的病毒序列推断的系统发育树中均匀分布（P=0.244）。通过异性接触感染的个体的样本与通过男男性接触感染的个体的样本聚类的比例在近期感染个体中并不显著更高（47%），而在参照组中为 36%。总之，通过男男性接触感染的男性和通过注射毒品感染的个体似乎在波兰形成了单独的 HIV 传播网络。近期通过异性接触感染 B 亚型 HIV-1 的个体的传播似乎与这两个群体都有关。
