Carlson Valeria P, Lehman Everett J, Armstrong Myrna
Health Department Systems, Development Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA.
J Environ Health. 2012 Oct;75(3):30-7.
Tattooing's popularity has led to regulatory concerns because medical complications linked to unsanitary practices can have a lasting health impact. The authors' study sought to determine whether existing state tattooing laws and regulations (rules) effectively protect public health. A 10-item checklist was created for each of three types of rules (sanitation, training, and infection control) identified as having the greatest public health impact. State rules were classified as effective if the state scored > or = 7 on all three categories, moderate if > or = 4 in all three categories, minimal if < 4 in one or more categories, and ineffective if < or = 2 in all three categories. Forty-one states have at least one state statute regulating tattooing practice. On the basis of the authors' study criteria, 36 states regulate sanitation effectively; 15 states regulate training effectively; and 26 states regulate infection control effectively. Fourteen states meet the criteria for regulating all three categories effectively. Specific rules vary substantially by state. Public health agencies should encourage states to adopt and enforce effective, evidence-based tattooing rules.
纹身的流行引发了监管方面的担忧，因为与不卫生操作相关的医学并发症可能会对健康产生持久影响。作者的研究旨在确定现有的州纹身法律法规是否能有效保护公众健康。针对被认为对公众健康影响最大的三类规则（卫生、培训和感染控制），分别制定了一份包含10项内容的清单。如果一个州在所有三个类别中的得分≥7分，则该州的规则被归类为有效；如果在所有三个类别中的得分≥4分，则为中等有效；如果在一个或多个类别中的得分＜4分，则为最低有效；如果在所有三个类别中的得分≤2分，则为无效。41个州至少有一项州法规对纹身操作进行规范。根据作者的研究标准，36个州有效地规范了卫生；15个州有效地规范了培训；26个州有效地规范了感染控制。14个州符合有效规范所有三个类别的标准。具体规则因州而异。公共卫生机构应鼓励各州采用并执行有效的、基于证据的纹身规则。
