Unitat d'Epidemiologia i de Diagnòstic en Psicopatologia del Desenvolupament, Departament de Psicobiologia i Metodologia de les Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain.
J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol. 2013;42(1):91-105. doi: 10.1080/15374416.2012.734221. Epub 2012 Oct 24.
The purpose of this study was to test the factor structure of the Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits (ICU; Frick, 2004 ) and to study the relation between the derived dimensions and external variables in a community sample of preschool children. A total of 622 children 3 and 4 years of age were assessed with a semistructured diagnostic interview, the ICU, and other questionnaires on psychopathology, temperament, and executive functioning, completed by parents and teachers. Confirmatory factor analysis derived from teachers' ICU responses yielded three dimensions: Callousness, Uncaring, and Unemotional. Callousness and Uncaring subscale scores correlated with the specific scales related to aggressive behavior, temperament, executive functioning, and conduct problems. The ICU scale scores discriminated cross-sectionally oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and conduct disorder (CD) diagnoses, aggressive and nonaggressive symptoms of CD, use of services, and ODD/CD-related family burden. Longitudinally, Callousness subscale score at age 3 predicted ODD or CD diagnosis at age 4. Unemotional was not associated with aggressive measures, but it was linked to anxiety disorders cross-sectionally and longitudinally. Callous-Unemotional traits contributed significantly to predicting disruptive behavior disorders controlling for sex, temperament, and executive functioning (predictive accuracy between 3 and 5%). The ICU is a promising questionnaire for identifying early Callous and Uncaring traits in preschool years that may help in the identification of a subset of preschool children who might have severe behavioral problems.
本研究旨在检验无情特质问卷（ICU；Frick，2004）的因子结构，并研究衍生维度与学龄前儿童社区样本中外部变量之间的关系。共有 622 名 3 至 4 岁的儿童接受了半结构化诊断访谈、ICU 以及家长和教师填写的关于精神病理学、气质和执行功能的其他问卷。来自教师 ICU 反应的验证性因素分析得出了三个维度：无情、冷漠和无情感。无情和冷漠子量表的分数与与攻击行为、气质、执行功能和品行问题相关的特定量表相关。ICU 量表得分可横向区分对立违抗性障碍（ODD）和品行障碍（CD）诊断、CD 的攻击和非攻击症状、服务使用情况以及 ODD/CD 相关家庭负担。纵向研究表明，3 岁时的无情子量表得分可预测 4 岁时的 ODD 或 CD 诊断。无情感与攻击措施无关，但与横向和纵向的焦虑障碍有关。无情特质在控制性别、气质和执行功能后，对预测破坏性行为障碍有显著贡献（预测准确性为 3%至 5%）。ICU 是一种很有前途的问卷，可以在学龄前识别出早期的无情和冷漠特质，这可能有助于识别出一组可能有严重行为问题的学龄前儿童。
