Division of Nephrology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Canada.
Blood Purif. 2012;34(2):132-7. doi: 10.1159/000341727. Epub 2012 Oct 24.
Dialysis patients account for 1-9% of all intensive care unit (ICU) admissions. As a result of the increasing prevalence of patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and the changing demographics of this population, the number of dialysis patients requiring hospitalization and ICU support is expected to increase. Critically ill ESRD patients have more comorbidity and higher severity of illness than the general population resulting in higher ICU and in-hospital mortality rates. ESRD patients have been excluded from trials evaluating renal replacement therapy in the ICU, therefore little information is available about the optimal management of renal replacement therapy for dialysis patients in this setting. This review focuses on the epidemiology of chronic dialysis patients admitted to the ICU and discusses an approach to providing renal replacement therapy for critically ill patients with ESRD.
透析患者占所有重症监护病房（ICU）入院患者的 1-9%。由于终末期肾脏疾病（ESRD）患者的患病率不断增加，以及该人群的人口统计学特征发生变化，需要住院和 ICU 支持的透析患者数量预计将会增加。患有严重 ESRD 的危重症患者比一般人群有更多的合并症和更高的疾病严重程度，导致 ICU 和住院死亡率更高。在评估 ICU 中肾脏替代治疗的试验中，已经排除了 ESRD 患者，因此关于在这种情况下为透析患者提供肾脏替代治疗的最佳管理方法的信息很少。本综述重点介绍了 ICU 收治的慢性透析患者的流行病学，并讨论了为患有 ESRD 的危重症患者提供肾脏替代治疗的方法。
