[Accessed through sex: the medicalization of male sexuality at two different moments].

The scope of this article is to reflect upon the medicalization of male sexuality based on the counterpoint between two distinct historical processes. The first of these is the major trend towards intervention in male sexuality which occurred in the early twentieth century in Brazil as a result of syphilis and the broader campaign against venereal disease. The second concerns the medicalization of sexuality through the focus on erectile dysfunction and the creation of a new pharmacology of sex which has become inevitable with the transition to the twenty-first century. This contrast enables us to see some important differences. The study highlights the new emphasis on the notion of sexual health based on individual improvement and use of medications. It also demonstrates that the promotion of male interest in sexual performance serves as a gateway to approach the treatment of male health.