Burchardi H, Sydow M, Crozier T A, Burgdorff J
Zentrum für Anästhesiologie, Rettungs- und Intensivmedizin der Universität Göttingen.
Anasth Intensivther Notfallmed. 1990 Feb;25(1):64-71.
The course of 225 multiple traumatized patients in our ICU with a mean age of 35 +/- 16.8 years, a mean ISS of 30 +/- 8.3 and an overall mortality of 18.2% was evaluated retrospectively. For comparable ISS the mortality was higher in patients over 65 years, and increased further with age. The most common causes of death were MOF (41.5%), severe head injury (34.1%), and acute respiratory failure (ARF) (19.5%). The mortality increased when two or more organ failures were present. 105 patients had fractures of the long bones; in 28 of these all fractures were stabilized primarily (during the first 24 hours). Organ failure was seen less frequently in these patients compared to those with secondary stabilization: ARF 10.7% vs. 51.9% (p less than 0.0004), acute renal failure 3.6% vs. 11.7%, liver failure 3.6% vs. 11.7%, sepsis 14.3% vs. 29.9%. Mortality was significantly lower in the patient with primarily stabilized fractures (7.1% vs. 24.7%, p less than 0.05). The study demonstrates that early stabilization of long bone fractures results in a more favourable course, and that this should be carried out whenever feasible.
对我院重症监护病房(ICU)收治的225例多发伤患者进行了回顾性评估,这些患者的平均年龄为35±16.8岁,平均损伤严重度评分(ISS)为30±8.3,总死亡率为18.2%。对于ISS相当的患者,65岁以上患者的死亡率更高,且随年龄进一步增加。最常见的死亡原因是多器官功能衰竭(MOF)(41.5%)、重度颅脑损伤(34.1%)和急性呼吸衰竭(ARF)(19.5%)。当出现两个或更多器官功能衰竭时,死亡率会增加。105例患者发生长骨骨折;其中28例所有骨折均在伤后24小时内首先得到稳定固定。与二期固定的患者相比,这些患者器官功能衰竭的发生率较低:ARF分别为10.7%和51.9%(p<0.0004),急性肾衰竭分别为3.6%和11.7%,肝功能衰竭分别为3.6%和11.7%,脓毒症分别为14.3%和29.9%。骨折首先得到稳定固定的患者死亡率显著较低(7.1%对24.7%,p<0.05)。该研究表明,长骨骨折的早期固定可带来更有利的病程,且只要可行就应进行早期固定。