酒精代谢。
Alcohol metabolism.
机构信息
Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, One Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA.
出版信息
Clin Liver Dis. 2012 Nov;16(4):667-85. doi: 10.1016/j.cld.2012.08.002.
Abstract
This article describes the pathways and factors that modulate blood alcohol levels and metabolism and describes how the body disposes of alcohol. The various factors that play a role in the distribution of alcohol in the body, influence the absorption of alcohol, and contribute to first-pass metabolism of alcohol are described. Most alcohol is oxidized in the liver, and general principles and overall mechanisms for alcohol oxidation are summarized. The kinetics of alcohol elimination in-vivo and the various genetic and environmental factors that can modify the rate of alcohol metabolism are discussed.
摘要
本文描述了调节血液酒精水平和代谢的途径和因素，并描述了身体如何处理酒精。描述了在体内分布酒精、影响酒精吸收以及导致酒精首过代谢中起作用的各种因素。大多数酒精在肝脏中被氧化，并总结了酒精氧化的一般原理和总体机制。讨论了体内酒精消除的动力学以及可以改变酒精代谢速率的各种遗传和环境因素。
相似文献
1
Alcohol metabolism.酒精代谢。
Clin Liver Dis. 2012 Nov;16(4):667-85. doi: 10.1016/j.cld.2012.08.002.
2
Acetaldehyde generating enzyme systems: roles of alcohol dehydrogenase, CYP2E1 and catalase, and speculations on the role of other enzymes and processes.乙醛生成酶系统：乙醇脱氢酶、细胞色素P450 2E1和过氧化氢酶的作用，以及对其他酶和过程作用的推测
Novartis Found Symp. 2007;285:4-16; discussion 16-22, 198-9. doi: 10.1002/9780470511848.ch2.
3
Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1)-dependent production of a 37-kDa acetaldehyde-protein adduct in the rat liver.细胞色素P450 2E1（CYP2E1）依赖的大鼠肝脏中37 kDa乙醛 - 蛋白质加合物的生成。
Arch Biochem Biophys. 2000 Dec 1;384(1):81-7. doi: 10.1006/abbi.2000.2119.
4
Ethanol metabolism by HeLa cells transduced with human alcohol dehydrogenase isoenzymes: control of the pathway by acetaldehyde concentration.HeLa 细胞中经人醇脱氢酶同工酶转导的乙醇代谢：乙醛浓度对途径的控制。
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2011 Jan;35(1):28-38. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2010.01319.x.
5
Oxidation of ethanol in the brain and its consequences.大脑中乙醇的氧化及其后果。
Alcohol Res Health. 2006;29(4):266-73.
6
Alcohol and cancer.酒精与癌症
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2001 May;25(5 Suppl ISBRA):137S-143S. doi: 10.1097/00000374-200105051-00024.
7
Ethanol metabolism by alcohol dehydrogenase or cytochrome P 2E1 differentially impairs hepatic protein trafficking and growth hormone signaling.通过乙醇脱氢酶或细胞色素P 2E1进行的乙醇代谢会以不同方式损害肝脏蛋白质运输和生长激素信号传导。
Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2017 Dec 1;313(6):G558-G569. doi: 10.1152/ajpgi.00027.2017. Epub 2017 Sep 1.
8
Acetaldehyde as well as ethanol is metabolized by human CYP2E1.乙醛和乙醇都由人体细胞色素P450 2E1（CYP2E1）代谢。
J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1997 Feb;280(2):527-32.
9
[Ethanol metabolism in pancreas and its role in alcoholic pancreatitis].[胰腺中的乙醇代谢及其在酒精性胰腺炎中的作用]
Pol Arch Med Wewn. 2005 Oct;114(4):989-96.
10
Association between in vivo alcohol metabolism and genetic variation in pathways that metabolize the carbon skeleton of ethanol and NADH reoxidation in the alcohol challenge twin study.酒精挑战双胞胎研究中，体内酒精代谢与代谢乙醇碳骨架和 NADH 再氧化途径的遗传变异之间的关联。
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2012 Dec;36(12):2074-85. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2012.01829.x. Epub 2012 May 11.
引用本文的文献
1
Prevalence, risk factors, and metabolic implications of alcohol use disorders among male workers in Hebei Province, China: a cross-sectional study.中国河北省男性工人酒精使用障碍的患病率、危险因素及代谢影响：一项横断面研究
Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy. 2025 Sep 2;20(1):35. doi: 10.1186/s13011-025-00669-3.
2
Multi-omics signature of healthy versus unhealthy lifestyles reveals associations with diseases.健康与不健康生活方式的多组学特征揭示了与疾病的关联。
Hum Genomics. 2025 Aug 30;19(1):101. doi: 10.1186/s40246-025-00817-7.
3
Pellagra in Complex Clinical Settings: A Case Involving Bariatric Surgery, Whipple Procedure, and Alcohol Use Disorder.复杂临床环境中的糙皮病：一例涉及减肥手术、惠普尔手术和酒精使用障碍的病例
Cureus. 2025 Aug 25;17(8):e90935. doi: 10.7759/cureus.90935. eCollection 2025 Aug.
4
Detecting ALDH2 activity in live cells conditional metabolic labeling.在活细胞中检测乙醛脱氢酶2（ALDH2）活性：条件性代谢标记法
Chem Sci. 2025 Aug 20. doi: 10.1039/d5sc04198h.
5
Autobrewery Syndrome and Endogenous Ethanol Production in Patients with MASLD: A Perspective from Chronic Liver Disease.非酒精性脂肪性肝炎患者的自动酿酒综合征和内源性乙醇生成：来自慢性肝病的视角
Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Jul 30;26(15):7345. doi: 10.3390/ijms26157345.
6
Host deficiency aggravates acetaldehyde metabolism disturbance and gut microbiota dysbiosis in chronic alcohol exposure mice.宿主缺陷会加重慢性酒精暴露小鼠的乙醛代谢紊乱和肠道微生物群失调。
Front Microbiol. 2025 Jul 22;16:1617673. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2025.1617673. eCollection 2025.
7
Relationship between biological sex and the endocrine stress response following a binge-like dose of alcohol.暴饮剂量酒精后生物性别与内分泌应激反应之间的关系。
Alcohol Clin Exp Res (Hoboken). 2025 Aug 1. doi: 10.1111/acer.70094.
8
Betaine Dietary Supplementation: Healthy Aspects in Human and Animal Nutrition.甜菜碱膳食补充剂：人类和动物营养中的健康方面。
Antioxidants (Basel). 2025 Jun 23;14(7):771. doi: 10.3390/antiox14070771.
9
Overcoming Challenges in the Determination of Fatty Acid Ethyl Esters in Post-Mortem Plasma Samples with the Use of Targeted Metabolomics and the Quality by Design Approach.利用靶向代谢组学和质量源于设计方法测定死后血浆样本中脂肪酸乙酯时面临的挑战及应对措施
Biomedicines. 2025 Jul 10;13(7):1688. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines13071688.
10
High-risk alcohol consumption is associated with mitochondrial damage-associated molecular patterns in people living with HIV.高危酒精消费与HIV感染者中线粒体损伤相关分子模式有关。
Drug Alcohol Depend Rep. 2025 Jul 3;16:100359. doi: 10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100359. eCollection 2025 Sep.
本文引用的文献
1
Fatty acid ethyl esters: nonoxidative metabolites of ethanol.脂肪酸乙酯：乙醇的非氧化代谢产物。
Addict Biol. 1998 Jan;3(1):5-14. doi: 10.1080/13556219872308.
2
Gender differences in the effects of ADH1B and ALDH2 polymorphisms on alcoholism.ADH1B 和 ALDH2 多态性对酒精中毒影响的性别差异。
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2011 Nov;35(11):1923-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2011.01543.x. Epub 2011 Aug 16.
3
[Mitochondria and hepatotoxicity of ethanol].[乙醇的线粒体与肝毒性]
Biofizika. 2010 Nov-Dec;55(6):1038-47.
4
Putative role of brain acetaldehyde in ethanol addiction.脑乙醛在乙醇成瘾中的假定作用。
Curr Drug Abuse Rev. 2008 Jan;1(1):3-8. doi: 10.2174/1874473710801010003.
5
CYP2E1 and oxidative liver injury by alcohol.细胞色素P450 2E1与酒精所致的肝脏氧化损伤
Free Radic Biol Med. 2008 Mar 1;44(5):723-38. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2007.11.004. Epub 2007 Nov 17.
6
Determinants of alcohol use and abuse: Impact of quantity and frequency patterns on liver disease.酒精使用与滥用的决定因素：饮酒量和饮酒频率模式对肝脏疾病的影响。
Hepatology. 2007 Dec;46(6):2032-9. doi: 10.1002/hep.22010.
7
Overview: how is alcohol metabolized by the body?概述：酒精在体内是如何被代谢的？
Alcohol Res Health. 2006;29(4):245-54.
8
The genetics of alcohol metabolism: role of alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase variants.酒精代谢的遗传学：乙醇脱氢酶和乙醛脱氢酶变体的作用
Alcohol Res Health. 2007;30(1):5-13.
9
Functional assessment of human alcohol dehydrogenase family in ethanol metabolism: significance of first-pass metabolism.乙醇代谢中人类乙醇脱氢酶家族的功能评估：首过代谢的意义
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2006 Jul;30(7):1132-42. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2006.00139.x.
10
Do alcohol-metabolizing enzyme gene polymorphisms increase the risk of alcoholism and alcoholic liver disease?酒精代谢酶基因多态性会增加酗酒和酒精性肝病的风险吗？
Hepatology. 2006 Feb;43(2):352-61. doi: 10.1002/hep.21023.
Zotero 插件