Kruse J A, Carlson R W
Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Mich.
Arch Intern Med. 1990 Mar;150(3):613-7.
There are conflicting recommendations regarding the use of intravenous potassium chloride infusions for acute correction of hypokalemia. We examined the effects of 495 sets of potassium chloride infusions administered to a medical intensive care unit population. The infusion sets consisted of one to eight consecutive individual infusions, each containing 20 mEq of potassium chloride in 100 mL of saline administered. The mean preinfusion potassium level was 3.2 mmol/L, and the mean postinfusion potassium level was 3.9 mmol/L. The mean increment in serum potassium level per 20-mEq infusion was 0.25 mmol/L. No temporally related life-threatening arrhythmias were noted; however, there were 10 instances of mild hyperkalemia. Our data endorse the relative safety of using concentrated (200-mEq/L) potassium chloride infusions at a rate of 20 mEq/h via central or peripheral vein to correct hypokalemia in patients in the intensive care unit.
关于使用静脉注射氯化钾输注来急性纠正低钾血症，存在相互矛盾的建议。我们研究了给医疗重症监护病房患者输注495组氯化钾的效果。这些输注组由一至八次连续的单次输注组成，每次输注在100 mL生理盐水中含有20 mEq氯化钾。输注前血钾平均水平为3.2 mmol/L，输注后血钾平均水平为3.9 mmol/L。每20 mEq输注导致的血清钾水平平均升高幅度为0.25 mmol/L。未观察到与时间相关的危及生命的心律失常；然而，有10例轻度高钾血症。我们的数据支持通过中心静脉或外周静脉以20 mEq/h的速率使用浓缩（200 mEq/L）氯化钾输注来纠正重症监护病房患者低钾血症的相对安全性。
