Poissant Hélène, Rapin Lucile
Institut de Santé et Société, Montréal, Québec ; Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Québec.
J Can Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2012 Nov;21(4):253-60.
This study aims at examining risk factors associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) such as comorbidities and adversity factors in members of a family with ADHD.
137 parents of 104 children with ADHD and 40 parents of 34 typically developing (TD) children filled a questionnaire. Chi-square tests and Student tests measured the association between each group and items of the questionnaire as well as the differences between the groups.
Statistical analysis revealed overall decreased academic performances in children with ADHD compared to the TD children. Furthermore, ADHD was substantially more associated with learning, conduct, anxiety and oppositional disorders relative to TD children. Learning difficulties were more frequently reported by fathers of children with ADHD. Mothers of children with ADHD suffered more from depression and anxious disorder and were taking more medication than their TD correspondents.
The results revealed a link between parents and children, namely depression and anxious disorder in mothers and learning difficulties in fathers of children with ADHD, suggesting a familial component to the disorder. The low report of ADHD diagnosis in fathers of children with ADHD is discussed.
本研究旨在探究与注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）相关的风险因素，如患有ADHD的家庭成员的共病情况和逆境因素。
104名患有ADHD儿童的137名家长以及34名发育正常（TD）儿童的40名家长填写了一份问卷。卡方检验和学生检验用于测量每组与问卷项目之间的关联以及组间差异。
统计分析显示，与TD儿童相比，ADHD儿童的学业成绩总体下降。此外，相对于TD儿童，ADHD与学习、品行、焦虑和对立违抗障碍的关联更为显著。ADHD儿童的父亲更频繁地报告孩子存在学习困难。ADHD儿童的母亲比TD儿童的母亲更多地患有抑郁症和焦虑症，且服用的药物更多。
结果揭示了父母与孩子之间的联系，即ADHD儿童的母亲患有抑郁症和焦虑症，父亲存在学习困难，这表明该疾病存在家族因素。文中还讨论了ADHD儿童父亲中ADHD诊断报告率较低的情况。
