Determinants for breast feeding and bottle feeding in Botswana.

In the Botswana Primary Health Care Survey 1983-84 data on breast and bottle feeding were collected as well as characteristics of households, mothers, and children. The country-wide median breast-feeding duration was 1 year and 7 months, with a tendency towards shorter duration in the urban areas. Better hygienic conditions, higher education of the mother, and wage employment of the mothers were associated with shorter breast-feeding duration. Similarly, the risk of starting bottle feeding was higher in households with better hygienic conditions. However, a substantial proportion of the bottle feeding took place in households lacking piped water indoors. These data may indicate a current shift from traditional feeding patterns towards shorter breast feeding and introduction of bottle feeding, starting among well-off families, but also threatening the health of children in less privileged conditions. The association with maternal factors such as type of occupation calls for breast feeding promotion including improved conditions for the salary employed mothers.