自闭症谱系障碍儿童和青少年对无意义形状的视觉记忆。
Visual memory of meaningless shapes in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders.
作者信息
Salmanian Maryam, Tehrani-Doost Mehdi, Ghanbari-Motlagh Maria, Shahrivar Zahra
机构信息
Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center; Tehran, Iran ; Institute for Cognitive Science Studies; Tehran, Iran.
出版信息
Iran J Psychiatry. 2012 Summer;7(3):104-8.
OBJECTIVE
Visual memory is an important cognitive ability, which has been studied in individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs). In such studies meaningful shapes were used more frequently. Since meaningless shapes provide a better assessment of short term visual memory, in this study we used them to evaluate visual memory in children and adolescents with ASDs compared to the normal group.
METHODS
Four visual memory tests of Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) including Paired Associates Learning (PAL), Pattern Recognition Memory (PRM), Spatial Recognition Memory (SRM) and Delayed Matching to Sample (DMS) were administered to 15 children and adolescents with ASDs (high functioning autism and Asperger syndrome) and to 15 normal participants aged 8 to 17,with IQ of above 70.
RESULTS
Individuals with ASDs performed worse than the normal group on visual memory tasks. After eliminating IQ as a covariate, no significant difference was observed between the two groups in terms of visual memory performance.
CONCLUSION
It seems that deficits on visual memory tasks in youths with ASDs could be related to their general intellectual abilities.
目的
视觉记忆是一项重要的认知能力，已在自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）个体中进行了研究。在这类研究中，有意义的形状被更频繁地使用。由于无意义的形状能更好地评估短期视觉记忆，在本研究中，我们使用它们来评估自闭症谱系障碍儿童和青少年与正常组相比的视觉记忆。
方法
对15名患有自闭症谱系障碍（高功能自闭症和阿斯伯格综合征）的儿童和青少年以及15名年龄在8至17岁、智商高于70的正常参与者进行了剑桥神经心理测试自动成套系统（CANTAB）的四项视觉记忆测试，包括配对联想学习（PAL）、模式识别记忆（PRM）、空间识别记忆（SRM）和延迟样本匹配（DMS）。
结果
自闭症谱系障碍个体在视觉记忆任务上的表现比正常组差。在将智商作为协变量消除后，两组在视觉记忆表现方面未观察到显著差异。
结论
似乎患有自闭症谱系障碍的青少年在视觉记忆任务上的缺陷可能与其一般智力能力有关。
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