Oshagh Morteza, Aleyasin Zeinab S, Roeinpeikar Mehdi
Department of Orthodontics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Eur J Esthet Dent. 2012 Winter;7(4):454-66.
Each facial feature might affect the perception of the balance of the other features so the whole of the face must be considered in facial evaluation. There are no studies that have examined the effect of forehead and neck position on profile esthetics. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of forehead and neck positions on profile esthetics judged by lay people, dental students and art students.
A straight silhouette (black right-facing profile in white background) was digitally manipulated to make variations of profiles. The positions of all compartments of face were similar except for anteroposterior position of forehead and neck. The 310 raters (100 dental students, 100 art students and 110 lay people) were asked to rate profiles with a Likert scale. The nonparametric Mann-Whitney test, chisquare tests, Spearman rank correlation coefficients, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Kruskal-Wallis analyses were used in data analysis.
The scores given to profiles with straight, retruded and protruded necks and foreheads were significantly different. (P < 0.05). In three groups, the most and least attractive profiles judged by raters were comparable (P > 0.05).
This study showed that the position of the forehead and the neck has an effect on the beauty of profile silhouettes and this effect is so noticeable that all of the raters could perceive the differences. It is necessary to evaluate the whole of the face, including the forehead and neck, in a facial evaluation.
每个面部特征都可能影响对其他特征平衡的感知，因此在面部评估中必须考虑整个面部。目前尚无研究探讨额头和颈部位置对侧貌美学的影响。本研究的目的是评估额头和颈部位置对由外行人、牙科学生和艺术学生判断的侧貌美学的影响。
对一个直的剪影（白色背景下黑色的右侧面部侧影）进行数字处理以制作不同的侧貌变体。除额头和颈部的前后位置外，面部所有部分的位置均相似。310名评分者（100名牙科学生、100名艺术学生和110名外行人）被要求用李克特量表对侧貌进行评分。数据分析采用非参数曼-惠特尼检验、卡方检验、斯皮尔曼等级相关系数、单因素方差分析（ANOVA）和克鲁斯卡尔-沃利斯分析。
给予颈部和额头笔直、后缩和前突的侧貌的评分有显著差异（P<0.05）。在三组中，评分者判断出的最具吸引力和最不具吸引力的侧貌具有可比性（P>0.05）。
本研究表明，额头和颈部的位置对侧貌剪影的美观有影响，且这种影响非常明显，所有评分者都能察觉到差异。在面部评估中，有必要评估包括额头和颈部在内的整个面部。
