Bhattacharyya Nandita, Chakrabarti Debkumar
Faculty of Home Science, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam, India.
Work. 2012;43(4):403-9. doi: 10.3233/WOR-2012-1476.
Women workers constitute one of the most vulnerable segments of the country's labour force. They often face different workplace health challenges than men do. They are engaged in a range of work that extends from heavy, monotonous, repetitive jobs, which are in many times experienced with low-paid and involves in long hours of work. Women's workplace health problems are frequently compounded by getting more of the same at home--the "double jeopardy" of domestic work. Specific issues to improve the workers motivation leading to enhancement of productivity and improving occupational health and safety were addressed. Context specific application of ergonomics principles were studied in the process of designing of work related equipment of local fruit processing units, as well as in tea industry, covering 180 subjects selected purposively. Ergonomic risk factors prevailed among the workers associates productivity and relevant health issues were quantified using QEC, RULA. NMQ was used to gather data on prevalence of CTDs among the workers. Pineapple peeling, tea leaves plucking were found highly labour intensive, done manually. Postures scores found were very high. WRMSDs were prevalent among the workers. Scope for ergonomic design intervention was observed to improve productivity and occupational health.
女工是该国劳动力中最脆弱的群体之一。她们在工作场所面临的健康挑战往往与男性不同。她们从事一系列工作,从繁重、单调、重复的工作到低薪且长时间的工作。女性在工作场所的健康问题常常因在家中承担更多同样的家务而加剧——即家务劳动的“双重负担”。文中探讨了提高工人积极性以提高生产率以及改善职业健康与安全的具体问题。在设计当地水果加工单位以及茶叶行业的工作相关设备过程中,研究了符合具体情境的人体工程学原理应用,共选取了180名有针对性的受试者。人体工程学风险因素在工人中普遍存在,利用快速上肢评估(QEC)、RULA对与生产率相关的健康问题进行了量化。使用北欧肌肉骨骼问卷(NMQ)收集工人中累积性创伤疾病(CTD)的患病率数据。发现菠萝去皮、茶叶采摘劳动强度极大,均为手工操作。所发现的姿势得分非常高。工人中普遍存在工作相关肌肉骨骼疾病(WRMSD)。观察到通过人体工程学设计干预有提高生产率和职业健康的空间。