Mukhopadhyay Prabir, Srivastava Saurabh
Post Graduate Campus, National Institute of Design, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India.
Work. 2010;35(1):87-99. doi: 10.3233/WOR-2010-0960.
Stone carving at Jaipur in Rajasthan state of India, is a traditional craft employing a large number of local youths. As an unorganized sector problems are many ranging from lack of benefits to occupational ergonomic issues of Work Related Musculoskeletal Disorders(WMSDs) and injury to body parts.
Twenty five male workers were selected in each of the three sections of a stone carving unit. The focus was to identify different ergonomic risk factors associated in this profession from the field.
Still photography and video photography was used to record different activities. Different types of non invasive tools like Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA), Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA), Occupational Repetitive Action Index (OCRA) were used. Psychophysical measures were investigated by Body part discomfort map, rated perceived exertion scale and visual analogue scale. Objective measurements (heart arte and skin temperature) were recorded with stop watch and digital thermometer.
The working heart rate after 30 minutes of work was 112.4 beats per minute categorizing the work as moderately heavy. Postural analysis by REBA indicated high score (13/13). Similarly postural analysis by RULA showed high score (7/7). These indicate vulnerability of many of the postures to musculoskeletal disorders and injury.
The study indicates that majority of the activities are in the high risk category and demands immediate ergonomic intervention in the form of tool, workstation and process design. This could be done by involving different Non Government Organizations (NGOs), political parties, and the Human Rights Department both at the center and at the state level.
印度拉贾斯坦邦斋浦尔的石雕是一项传统工艺，雇佣了大量当地青年。作为一个无组织的行业，存在许多问题，从缺乏福利到与工作相关的肌肉骨骼疾病（WMSDs）的职业人体工程学问题以及身体部位受伤。
在一个石雕单位的三个部门中，每个部门挑选了25名男性工人。重点是从实地识别该行业中存在的不同人体工程学风险因素。
使用静态摄影和视频摄影记录不同活动。使用了不同类型的非侵入性工具，如快速全身评估（REBA）、快速上肢评估（RULA）、职业重复动作指数（OCRA）。通过身体部位不适图、主观用力感觉量表和视觉模拟量表调查心理生理指标。用秒表和数字温度计记录客观测量值（心率和皮肤温度）。
工作30分钟后的工作心率为每分钟112.4次，将该工作归类为中等强度。REBA的姿势分析显示得分较高（13/13）。同样，RULA的姿势分析也显示得分较高（7/7）。这些表明许多姿势易患肌肉骨骼疾病和受伤。
该研究表明，大多数活动属于高风险类别，需要立即以工具、工作站和工艺设计的形式进行人体工程学干预。这可以通过让不同的非政府组织（NGO）、政党以及中央和邦一级的人权部门参与来实现。
