2009-2010 年巴西圣保罗地区在校儿童中甲型 H1N1 流感监测。

Surveillance of influenza A H1N1 2009 among school children during 2009 and 2010 in São Paulo, Brazil.

机构信息

Laboratório de Virologia Clínica, Departamento de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP.

出版信息

Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2012 Oct;45(5):563-6. doi: 10.1590/s0037-86822012000500005.

DOI:10.1590/s0037-86822012000500005

PMID:23152337

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Influenza A H1N1 2009 is associated with a high morbidity rate among children around the world, including Brazil. This survey was conducted on samples of symptomatic children (< 12 years) to investigate the influenza virus as the etiological agent of respiratory infections in a day care school in a health facility during the first and second pandemic wave of H1N1 (2009-2010) in São Paulo, Brazil.

METHODS

Influenza infections were determined by real-time PCR in 34% (47/137) of children with a median age of 5 years (8 months - 12 years), from June to October 2009 and in 16% (14/85) of those with median age of 6 years (1-12 years), from March to November 2010.

RESULTS

In general, most positive cases (64%) occurred in children aged 5-12 years, this age group was significantly the most affected (39.8%, p = 0.001, OR = 8.3, CI 95% 1.9-36.9). Wheezing was reported by 31% (19/61) and dyspnea by 23% (14/61) of the studied patients. An outbreak of influenza H1N1 with an attack rate of 35.7% among children (median age 6 years) was documented in April 2010, before the vaccination campaign against the pandemic virus was extended for children up to 5 years in Brazil.

CONCLUSIONS

Therefore, the study reinforces the recommendation to immunize school children to reduce the incidence of the disease.

摘要

引言

甲型 H1N1 流感在全球范围内与儿童的高发病率有关，包括巴西。本研究对症状性儿童（<12 岁）样本进行了调查，以调查流感病毒作为呼吸道感染的病因，该研究在巴西圣保罗的一家卫生机构中进行，时间为 2009-2010 年甲型 H1N1 大流行的第一波和第二波期间。

方法

通过实时 PCR 检测了 2009 年 6 月至 10 月 34%（47/137）中位年龄为 5 岁（8 个月-12 岁）和 2010 年 3 月至 11 月 16%（14/85）中位年龄为 6 岁（1-12 岁）的儿童中的流感感染。

结果

总体而言，大多数阳性病例（64%）发生在 5-12 岁的儿童中，该年龄组的感染率显著更高（39.8%，p=0.001，OR=8.3，95%CI 1.9-36.9）。研究患者中有 31%（19/61）出现喘息，23%（14/61）出现呼吸困难。2010 年 4 月，在巴西将大流行病毒疫苗接种范围扩大到 5 岁以下儿童之前，记录了一起在儿童中（中位年龄 6 岁）发病率为 35.7%的甲型 H1N1 流感爆发。