College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China 712100.
Poult Sci. 2012 Dec;91(12):3065-71. doi: 10.3382/ps.2012-02548.
Previous studies have demonstrated that Lactobacillus has anti-inflammatory properties, but the protective functions of Lactobacillus and mechanisms of inhibition of necrotic enteritis (NE) in the intestines of chickens have not been fully clarified. In the present study, we selected a probiotic strain, Lactobacillus fermentum 1.2029, which has good adhesive ability and a high survival rate in low pH and bile salts. The objective of this study was to examine the anti-inflammatory properties of L. fermentum 1.2029 against NE in chickens. Two hundred forty 1-d-old male Arbor Acres broilers were blocked into 3 experimental groups as follows: (I) nonchallenge control group, (II) Clostridium perfringens challenge group, and (III) C. perfringens challenge + L. fermentum 1.2029 group. Lactobacillus fermentum 1.2029 (1.0 mL/d, 10(8) cfu/mL) was orally administered daily to group III during the course of the experiment, and all uninfected control chickens were inoculated accordingly with the same volume of PBS. Clostridium perfringens (0.5 mL on d 1 and 1.0 mL on d 14 to 21, 10(8) cfu/mL) was administered to chickens in group II. At 28 d, scoring of gross NE lesions was performed. Ileal segments of approximately 2 cm from 24 chickens in each experimental group were collected and fixed in 4% (wt/vol) neutral-buffered formalin solution for histological scoring. Ileal mucosa samples were also collected for mRNA analysis by real-time PCR. The results showed that L. fermentum 1.2029 reduced the severity of NE lesions in chickens. Histological scores revealed that L. fermentum 1.2029 also reduced the inflammation damage of NE in chickens. Changes in cytokines and Toll-like receptors (TLR) were determined, and L. fermentum 1.2029 was found to increase interleukin-10 levels and reduce interferon-γ and TLR2 levels in NE-infected chickens. The results showed that L. fermentum 1.2029 was able to regulate the intestinal mucosal immune response and ameliorate inflammation by changing expression levels of cytokines and TLR.
先前的研究表明，乳酸菌具有抗炎特性，但乳酸菌对鸡坏死性肠炎（NE）的保护功能及其抑制机制尚未完全阐明。在本研究中，我们选择了一株具有良好黏附能力和在低 pH 值和胆汁盐中高存活率的益生菌菌株，即发酵乳杆菌 1.2029。本研究旨在研究发酵乳杆菌 1.2029 对鸡 NE 的抗炎特性。将 240 只 1 日龄雄性 Arbor Acres 肉鸡分为 3 个实验组，如下：（I）非攻毒对照组、（II）产气荚膜梭菌攻毒组和（III）产气荚膜梭菌攻毒+发酵乳杆菌 1.2029 组。在实验过程中，每天给第 III 组鸡口服 1.0 mL 的发酵乳杆菌 1.2029（108 cfu/mL），所有未感染的对照鸡也相应地接种相同体积的 PBS。第 II 组鸡于第 1 天和第 14-21 天分别攻毒 0.5 mL 和 1.0 mL，产气荚膜梭菌攻毒剂量为 108 cfu/mL。第 28 天，对鸡的坏死性肠炎病变进行评分。从每个实验组的 24 只鸡中采集约 2 cm 的回肠段，并用 4%（重量/体积）中性缓冲福尔马林溶液固定用于组织学评分。还收集回肠黏膜样本进行实时 PCR 分析。结果表明，发酵乳杆菌 1.2029 减轻了鸡坏死性肠炎病变的严重程度。组织学评分显示，发酵乳杆菌 1.2029 还减轻了鸡坏死性肠炎的炎症损伤。检测细胞因子和 Toll 样受体（TLR）的变化，发现发酵乳杆菌 1.2029 能够增加 NE 感染鸡的白细胞介素-10 水平，并降低干扰素-γ和 TLR2 水平。结果表明，发酵乳杆菌 1.2029 通过改变细胞因子和 TLR 的表达水平，能够调节肠道黏膜免疫反应，改善炎症。
