Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Mariensee, Hoeltystrasse 10, Neustadt a. Rbge., Germany.
Cell Mol Life Sci. 2013 Aug;70(16):2969-83. doi: 10.1007/s00018-012-1204-1. Epub 2012 Nov 17.
Zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs) are engineered site-specific DNA cleavage enzymes that may be designed to recognize long target sites and thus cut DNA with high specificity. ZFNs mediate permanent and targeted genetic alteration via induction of a double-strand break at a specific genomic site. Compared to conventional homology-based gene targeting, ZFNs can increase the targeting rate by up to 100,000-fold; gene disruption via mutagenic DNA repair is similarly efficient. The utility of ZFNs has been shown in many organisms, including insects, amphibians, plants, nematodes, and several mammals, including humans. This broad range of tractable species renders ZFNs a useful tool for improving the understanding of complex physiological systems, to produce transgenic animals, cell lines, and plants, and to treat human disease.
锌指核酸酶 (ZFNs) 是一种经过工程设计的、能够识别特定靶位的 DNA 内切酶,可用于切割具有高度特异性的 DNA。ZFNs 通过在特定基因组靶位诱导双链断裂,介导永久性和靶向性的遗传改变。与传统的基于同源性的基因靶向相比,ZFNs 可以将靶向率提高多达 100,000 倍;通过突变性 DNA 修复进行基因敲除同样有效。ZFNs 的应用已在许多生物中得到证实,包括昆虫、两栖动物、植物、线虫和几种哺乳动物,包括人类。这种广泛的可处理物种使得 ZFNs 成为一种有用的工具,可用于深入了解复杂的生理系统,生产转基因动物、细胞系和植物,并治疗人类疾病。