Frazier Aletta Ann, Burke Allen P
Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Maryland Medical System, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 2012 Dec;33(6):535-51. doi: 10.1053/j.sult.2012.06.002.
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is the remarkable hemodynamic consequence of widespread structural and functional changes within the pulmonary circulation. Elevated pulmonary vascular resistance leads to increased mean pulmonary arterial pressure and, ultimately, right ventricular dysfunction. PH carries a poor prognosis and warrants timely and accurate diagnosis for appropriate intervention. The 2008 Dana Point classification system provides the categorical framework currently guiding therapy and surveillance. Radiologic imaging is an essential tool in the detection and diagnostic evaluation of patients with PH. Echocardiography, ventilation-perfusion scintigraphy, multidetector computed tomography, and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging provide insights into vascular morphology, pulmonary parenchymal status, cardiac function, and underlying etiology of the disorder. Emerging techniques of functional pulmonary and cardiac imaging hold great promise for the assessment and monitoring of these patients in the future.
肺动脉高压（PH）是肺循环内广泛的结构和功能改变所导致的显著血流动力学后果。肺血管阻力升高会导致平均肺动脉压升高，并最终导致右心室功能障碍。PH预后不良，需要及时准确的诊断以便进行适当干预。2008年达纳点分类系统提供了目前指导治疗和监测的分类框架。放射影像学是检测和诊断评估PH患者的重要工具。超声心动图、通气-灌注闪烁扫描、多排计算机断层扫描和心脏磁共振成像可提供有关血管形态、肺实质状况、心脏功能以及该疾病潜在病因的信息。功能性肺和心脏成像的新兴技术在未来对这些患者的评估和监测方面具有巨大潜力。
