Clinical Psychology Unit, School of Psychology, University of Sydney, Australia.
Eur J Pain. 2013 May;17(5):742-52. doi: 10.1002/j.1532-2149.2012.00241.x. Epub 2012 Nov 21.
This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of mindfulness training in comparison with relaxation training on pain, threshold and tolerance during the cold pressor task.
Undergraduate psychology students (n = 140) were randomly assigned to receive reassuring or threatening information about the cold pressor. Participants were then re-randomized to receive mindfulness or a control intervention: relaxation training.
Analyses confirmed that the threat manipulation was effective in increasing worry, fear of harm and expectations of pain, and reducing coping efficacy. Interaction effects revealed that mindfulness was effective in increasing curiosity and reducing decentring under conditions of high threat but not low threat. Other interactions on cognitive variables (attentional bias to pain and self-focus) confirmed that mindfulness and relaxation appeared to exert influences under different conditions (i.e. mindfulness: high threat; and relaxation: low threat). Despite these cognitive effects being discerned under different conditions, there were no differences between mindfulness and relaxation on pain, tolerance or threshold in either threat group.
These results show that a single, brief session of mindfulness based on body scanning is not sufficient to change the way in which individuals approach an experimental pain task in comparison with relaxation, which has previously been shown to be ineffective.
本研究旨在比较正念训练与放松训练对冷压任务中疼痛、阈值和耐受的疗效。
将心理学专业本科生（n=140）随机分为接受冷压的安慰或威胁信息。然后，参与者被重新随机分配接受正念或对照干预：放松训练。
分析证实，威胁处理有效地增加了担忧、对伤害的恐惧和对疼痛的预期，并降低了应对效能。交互效应表明，在高威胁条件下，正念能有效提高好奇心和减少去中心化，但在低威胁条件下则无效。对认知变量（对疼痛的注意偏向和自我关注）的其他交互作用证实，正念和放松在不同条件下似乎会产生影响（即正念：高威胁；放松：低威胁）。尽管在不同的条件下发现了这些认知效应，但在威胁组中，正念与放松在疼痛、耐受或阈值方面没有差异。
这些结果表明，与之前已证明无效的放松相比，单次短暂的基于身体扫描的正念训练不足以改变个体对待实验性疼痛任务的方式。
