Karp N S, Thorne C H, McCarthy J G, Sissons H A
Institute of Reconstructive Plastic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York 10016.
Ann Plast Surg. 1990 Mar;24(3):231-7. doi: 10.1097/00000637-199003000-00007.
The process of bone lengthening by cortical fracture and gradual distraction of callus has become well established in the enchondral bones of the extremities. In this study the principles of bone lengthening were applied to the membranous bone of the craniofacial skeleton using the growing dog mandible as a model. Six mongrel dogs five months of age were studied. A unilateral, periosteal-preserving angular corticotomy was performed, and an external minilengthening device was fixed to the mandible perpendicular to the corticotomy. After 10 days of external fixation, the mandible was lengthened 1 mm/day for 20 days and then held in external fixation for 56 days (8 weeks) after which all dogs were killed. Anthropometric measurements and histological analysis of the specimens confirmed that bone lengthening had occurred and that new cortical bone was formed in the expanded areas.
通过皮质骨折和骨痂逐渐牵张来延长骨骼的方法在四肢的软骨内骨中已得到充分确立。在本研究中，以生长中的犬下颌骨为模型，将骨骼延长的原理应用于颅面骨骼的膜性骨。研究了6只5月龄的杂种犬。进行了单侧、保留骨膜的角形皮质切开术，并将一个外部微型延长装置垂直于皮质切开术固定在下颌骨上。在进行10天的外固定后，下颌骨以每天1毫米的速度延长20天，然后保持外固定56天（8周），之后处死所有犬只。对标本进行人体测量和组织学分析证实发生了骨骼延长，并且在扩大区域形成了新的皮质骨。
