Department of Community Medicine, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2013 Jan 15;66(1-2):158-63. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2012.09.029. Epub 2012 Nov 21.
Global marine vessels emissions are adversely affecting human health particularly in southeast Asia. But health burdens from both ocean- and river-going vessels in Pearl River Delta (PRD) regions are not quantified. We estimated the potential health impacts using pooled relative risks of mortality and hospital admissions in China, and the model derived concentrations of sulfur dioxide (SO₂), particulate matter (PM₁₀), nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) and ozone (O₃) due to vessels emissions. SO₂ concentrations due to marine emissions in Hong Kong were 13.6 μg m⁻³ compared with 0.7 μg m⁻³ in PRD regions that were far from the marine vessels. In PRD regions, the estimated annual numbers (per million people) of excess deaths from all natural causes and hospital admissions from cardiorespiratory causes attributable to SO₂, NO₂, O₃ and PM₁₀ combined from marine emissions were 45 and 265 respectively. Marine emission control measures could contribute a large reduction in mortality and hospital admissions in PRD regions especially in Hong Kong.
全球海洋船只排放物正严重影响人类健康，尤其是在东南亚地区。但目前尚未对珠江三角洲（PRD）地区的海洋和内河船只所造成的健康负担进行量化。我们使用中国因船只排放而导致的死亡率和住院率的综合相对风险来估算潜在的健康影响，并利用模型来推断因船只排放而导致的二氧化硫（SO₂）、颗粒物（PM₁₀）、二氧化氮（NO₂）和臭氧（O₃）浓度。香港海洋排放物造成的 SO₂浓度为 13.6μg/m³，而远离海洋船只的 PRD 地区的浓度为 0.7μg/m³。在 PRD 地区，因 SO₂、NO₂、O₃和 PM₁₀ 综合排放而导致的所有自然原因引起的超额死亡人数和心肺原因引起的住院人数，每年每百万人分别为 45 人和 265 人。海洋排放物控制措施可能会大大降低 PRD 地区特别是香港的死亡率和住院率。
