Department of Biology, University of Padova, Italy.
Dev Genes Evol. 2013 May;223(3):195-7. doi: 10.1007/s00427-012-0431-7. Epub 2012 Nov 28.
Recording and describing animal 'monsters' collected in the field can still contribute to progress in developmental biology despite the uncontrolled conditions the specimen experienced throughout development. Comparison with model organisms and a sound phylogenetic analysis may offer a tentative explanation for the underlying developmental mechanism and suggest new targets for experimental studies. We describe a female specimen of the anthomyiid fly Hydrophoria sp. with an ectopic macrochaeta in the left eye and suggest tentative interpretations, including one in terms of a local expression, or derepression, of a proneural gene. The anthomyiid lineage has been estimated to have split ca. 65 million years ago from the dipteran clade containing Drosophila and ca. 140 million years ago from the clade containing Megaselia.
尽管野外采集的动物“怪物”标本在发育过程中经历了不受控制的条件,但记录和描述这些标本仍然可以为发育生物学的进展做出贡献。与模式生物进行比较和进行合理的系统发育分析,可能为潜在的发育机制提供一个初步解释,并为实验研究提出新的目标。我们描述了一只雌性水蝇属(Hydrophoria sp.)蝇,其左眼有一个异位的macrochaeta,并提出了一些初步的解释,包括局部表达或去阻遏一个神经前体细胞基因的假说。水蝇科的分支大约在 6500 万年前从包含果蝇的双翅目分支中分离出来,大约在 1.4 亿年前从包含巨蚤的分支中分离出来。