Kalinowski S, Kuhnert R, Wulff I, Kölzsch M, Kreutz R, Dräger D
Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institut für Medizinische Soziologie.
Pflege. 2012 Dec;25(6):411-25. doi: 10.1024/1012-5302/a000244.
Pain and fear of falling (FOF) are modifiable factors that might play an important role in functional performance of nursing homes residents (NHR). Both factors are characterised by deficits in research and provision of long-term care services. The purpose of this study was to examine the functional performance of NHR with and without pain or FOF. Quantitative data were collected on NHR in Berlin and Brandenburg using a cross-sectional design. The cognitive status was assessed using the Minimental state test. Existing pain and FOF were assessed as a question part of interview. Functional performance was examined using the Barthel Index (BI) the Timed «up & go»-Test. Multiple linear regression analyses were performed to investigate the research question and the influence of additional explanatory variables (age, sex, relevant somatic morbidity). 217 NHR without considerable cognitive impairment (MMST >= 20) participated. 65 % of the NHR suffered from pain and 48 % had FOF. There was a statistically significant association between Pain or FOF und lower functional mobility. With respect to NHR able to walk, there was statistically significant association between Pain or FOF und lower performance in activities of daily living. Possibilities for interventions which might have positive effects on functional performance of NHR are an improved pain treatment and interventions to reduce FOF.
疼痛和跌倒恐惧（FOF）是可改变的因素，可能在养老院居民（NHR）的功能表现中发挥重要作用。这两个因素的特点是在长期护理服务的研究和提供方面存在不足。本研究的目的是检查有或无疼痛或跌倒恐惧的养老院居民的功能表现。采用横断面设计收集了柏林和勃兰登堡州养老院居民的定量数据。使用简易精神状态测试评估认知状态。将现有的疼痛和跌倒恐惧作为访谈问题的一部分进行评估。使用巴氏指数（BI）、定时“起立-行走”测试来检查功能表现。进行了多元线性回归分析，以调查研究问题以及其他解释变量（年龄、性别、相关躯体疾病）的影响。217名无明显认知障碍（MMST≥20）的养老院居民参与了研究。65%的养老院居民患有疼痛，48%有跌倒恐惧。疼痛或跌倒恐惧与较低的功能活动能力之间存在统计学上的显著关联。对于能够行走的养老院居民，疼痛或跌倒恐惧与较低的日常生活活动表现之间存在统计学上的显著关联。可能对养老院居民功能表现产生积极影响的干预措施包括改善疼痛治疗和减少跌倒恐惧的干预措施。
