Katabathina Venkata S, Garg Deepak, Prasad Srinivasa R, Vikram Raghu
Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio TX 78229, USA.
J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2012 Nov-Dec;36(6):659-68. doi: 10.1097/RCT.0b013e31826dba18.
Cystic renal neoplasms in adults are a heterogeneous group of tumors with characteristic histogenesis, pathological findings, and variable biological profiles. They include disparate entities that are either biologically benign (lymphangioma, cystic nephroma, and mixed epithelial and stromal tumor) or malignant (cystic renal cell carcinoma, multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma, and primary renal synovial sarcoma). Renal cystic diseases are characterized by cystic changes of the kidneys due to hereditary, developmental, or acquired etiology. Cystic renal diseases such as acquired cystic kidney disease, von Hippel-Lindau disease, and tuberous sclerosis are associated with the development of a wide spectrum of benign and malignant renal neoplasms. Most cystic renal tumors and cystic disease-associated renal neoplasms show characteristic cross-sectional imaging findings that permit accurate diagnosis. In addition, cross-sectional imaging is pivotal in the follow-up and surveillance of adult cystic tumors of the kidney.
成人肾囊性肿瘤是一组异质性肿瘤，具有独特的组织发生、病理表现和多样的生物学特性。它们包括生物学行为为良性的不同实体（淋巴管瘤、囊性肾瘤和混合性上皮和间质瘤）以及恶性实体（囊性肾细胞癌、多房囊性肾细胞癌和原发性肾滑膜肉瘤）。肾囊性疾病的特征是由于遗传、发育或后天病因导致的肾脏囊性改变。诸如获得性肾囊肿病、冯·希佩尔-林道病和结节性硬化症等肾囊性疾病与多种良性和恶性肾肿瘤的发生相关。大多数肾囊性肿瘤和与囊性疾病相关的肾肿瘤具有特征性的横断面成像表现，有助于准确诊断。此外，横断面成像在成人肾囊性肿瘤的随访和监测中至关重要。
