University Eye Clinic Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
EPMA J. 2010 Jun;1(2):245-51. doi: 10.1007/s13167-010-0017-2. Epub 2010 May 23.
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is an ophthalmologic disease which usually affects older adults and represents the leading cause of legal blindness in Europe and the United States of America. The pathogenesis of AMD is complex and, nowadays, the treatments are targeting more the late form of the disease. Age and genetic make-up are the most important risk factors identified to date. There are undoubtedly environmental and other risk factors involved and the adverse effect of smoking is well established. New treatments for AMD have emerged with improved prognostic outcome. This remarkable advances in our understanding of the genetic and biological foundations of this disease were derived from a recent convergence of scientific and clinical data. In the near future we will have several therapeutic options for treatment of AMD at different stages and therefore personalising more and more the treatment.
年龄相关性黄斑变性（AMD）是一种眼科疾病，通常影响老年人，是欧洲和美国导致法定失明的主要原因。AMD 的发病机制很复杂，目前的治疗方法更多针对疾病的晚期形式。年龄和遗传构成是迄今为止确定的最重要的危险因素。毫无疑问，环境和其他危险因素也有影响，吸烟的不良影响已得到充分证实。随着对该疾病遗传和生物学基础的认识的不断提高，出现了新的 AMD 治疗方法，预后得到改善。这种对这种疾病的遗传和生物学基础的理解的显著进步，源自于最近科学和临床数据的融合。在不久的将来，我们将有几种治疗 AMD 的选择，针对不同阶段，因此将越来越个性化治疗。
