Prozialeck Walter C, Jivan Jateen K, Andurkar Shridhar V
Department of Pharmacology, Midwestern University/Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine, Downers Grove, IL 60515-1235, USA.
J Am Osteopath Assoc. 2012 Dec;112(12):792-9.
Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) is a plant indigenous to Thailand and Southeast Asia. Kratom leaves produce complex stimulant and opioid-like analgesic effects. In Asia, kratom has been used to stave off fatigue and to manage pain, diarrhea, cough, and opioid withdrawal. Recently, kratom has become widely available in the United States and Europe by means of smoke shops and the Internet. Analyses of the medical literature and select Internet sites indicate that individuals in the United States are increasingly using kratom for the self-management of pain and opioid withdrawal. Kratom contains pharmacologically active constituents, most notably mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine. Kratom is illegal in many countries. Although it is still legal in the United States, the US Drug Enforcement Administration has placed kratom on its "Drugs and Chemicals of Concern" list. Physicians should be aware of the availability, user habits, and health effects of kratom. Further research on the therapeutic uses, toxic effects, and abuse potential of kratom and its constituent compounds are needed.
kratom（帽柱木属）是一种原产于泰国和东南亚的植物。kratom叶具有复杂的刺激作用和类阿片样镇痛作用。在亚洲，kratom已被用于缓解疲劳以及治疗疼痛、腹泻、咳嗽和阿片戒断症状。最近，kratom通过烟具店和互联网在美国和欧洲广泛可得。对医学文献和一些互联网网站的分析表明，美国的个人越来越多地使用kratom进行疼痛的自我管理和阿片戒断。kratom含有药理活性成分，最显著的是帽柱木碱和7-羟基帽柱木碱。kratom在许多国家是非法的。虽然它在美国仍然合法，但美国药物管制局已将kratom列入其“关注的药物和化学品”名单。医生应该了解kratom的可得性、使用习惯及其对健康的影响。需要对kratom及其成分化合物的治疗用途、毒性作用和滥用潜力进行进一步研究。
