Arrieta-Bolaños Esteban, Madrigal J Alejandro, Shaw Bronwen E
Clinical Research Group, The Anthony Nolan Research Institute, Royal Free & University College Medical School, London NW3 2QG, UK ; University College London Cancer Institute, London WC1E 6DD, UK ; Centro de Investigaciones en Hematología y Trastornos Afines (CIHATA), Universidad de Costa Rica, 11501-2060 San José, Costa Rica.
Bone Marrow Res. 2012;2012:136087. doi: 10.1155/2012/136087. Epub 2012 Nov 18.
The outcome of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is shaped by both clinical and genetic factors that determine its success. Genetic factors including human leukocyte antigen (HLA) and non-HLA genetic variants are believed to influence the risk of potentially fatal complications after the transplant. Moreover, ethnicity has been proposed as a factor modifying the risk of graft-versus-host disease. The populations of Latin America are a complex array of different admixture processes with varying degrees of ancestral population proportions that came in different migration waves. This complexity makes the study of genetic risks in this region complicated unless the extent of this variation is thoroughly characterized. In this study we compared the HLA-A and HLA-B allele group profiles for 31 Latin American populations and 61 ancestral populations from Iberia, Italy, Sub-Saharan Africa, and America. Results from population genetics comparisons show a wide variation in the HLA profiles from the Latin American populations that correlate with different admixture proportions. Populations in Latin America seem to be organized in at least three groups with (1) strong Amerindian admixture, (2) strong Caucasian component, and (3) a Caucasian-African gradient. These results imply that genetic risk assessment for HSCT in Latin America has to be adapted for different population subgroups rather than as a pan-Hispanic/Latino analysis.
造血干细胞移植（HSCT）的结果受到决定其成功与否的临床和遗传因素的影响。包括人类白细胞抗原（HLA）和非HLA基因变异在内的遗传因素被认为会影响移植后潜在致命并发症的风险。此外，种族被认为是改变移植物抗宿主病风险的一个因素。拉丁美洲的人群是一个由不同混合过程组成的复杂群体，不同程度的祖先群体比例来自不同的移民浪潮。这种复杂性使得该地区遗传风险的研究变得复杂，除非这种变异的程度得到充分表征。在这项研究中，我们比较了31个拉丁美洲人群以及来自伊比利亚、意大利、撒哈拉以南非洲和美洲的61个祖先群体的HLA - A和HLA - B等位基因组谱。群体遗传学比较结果显示，拉丁美洲人群的HLA谱存在广泛差异，这与不同的混合比例相关。拉丁美洲的人群似乎至少分为三组：（1）美洲印第安人混合比例高的；（2）白种人成分占主导的；（3）白种人和非洲人呈梯度混合的。这些结果表明，拉丁美洲HSCT的遗传风险评估必须针对不同的人群亚组进行调整，而不是作为泛西班牙裔/拉丁裔分析。
