Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Cardiac Arrhythmia and Syncope Center, University of Minnesota Medical School, 420 Delaware Street South East, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
Cardiol Clin. 2013 Feb;31(1):9-25. doi: 10.1016/j.ccl.2012.09.002.
Syncope is a frequent cause for presentation to emergency departments and urgent-care clinics. The physician should establish a confident causal diagnosis, assess prognostic implications, and provide appropriate advice to prevent recurrences. An organized approach is needed to the assessment of the patient with syncope, including a careful initial examination as well as application of specialized syncope evaluation units and structured questionnaires for history taking. The initial patient evaluation, particularly a detailed medical history, is the key to identifying the most likely diagnosis. Based on these findings, subsequent diagnostic tests can be chosen to confirm the clinical suspicion.
晕厥是急诊科和紧急护理诊所就诊的常见原因。医生应建立自信的因果诊断，评估预后影响，并提供适当的建议以防止复发。需要对晕厥患者进行有组织的评估，包括仔细的初始检查，以及应用专门的晕厥评估单元和结构化问卷进行病史采集。初始患者评估，特别是详细的病史，是确定最可能诊断的关键。基于这些发现，可以选择后续的诊断测试来证实临床怀疑。
