Department of Social Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.
Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2013 Apr;23(2):275-82. doi: 10.1016/j.conb.2012.11.003. Epub 2012 Dec 5.
The social neuroscientific investigation of empathy has revealed that the same neural networks engaged during first-hand experience of affect subserve empathic responses. Recent meta-analyses focusing on empathy for pain for example reliably identified a network comprising anterior insula and anterior midcingulate cortex. Moreover, recent studies suggest that the generation of empathy is flexibly supported by networks involved in action simulation and mentalizing depending on the information available in the environment. Further, empathic responses are modulated by many factors including the context they occur in. Recent work shows how this modulation can be afforded by the engagement of antagonistic motivational systems or by cognitive control circuits, and these modulatory systems can also be employed in efforts to regulate one's empathic responses.
社会神经科学对同理心的研究表明，在第一手体验情感时所涉及的相同神经网络也会促成同理心反应。例如，最近的一些针对同理心疼痛的元分析确实确定了一个包含前脑岛和前扣带皮层的网络。此外，最近的研究表明，同理心的产生可以根据环境中可用的信息，灵活地由涉及动作模拟和心理化的网络来支持。此外，同理心反应还受到许多因素的调节，包括它们所处的环境。最近的研究表明，这种调节可以通过参与拮抗动机系统或认知控制回路来实现，并且这些调节系统也可以用于努力调节一个人的同理心反应。
