Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Stevens Way, Box 352600, Seattle, Washington 98165, USA.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2012 Dec;132(6):3706-19. doi: 10.1121/1.4763548.
One calendar year of Automatic Identification System (AIS) ship-traffic data was paired with hydrophone recordings to assess ambient noise in northern Admiralty Inlet, Puget Sound, WA (USA) and to quantify the contribution of vessel traffic. The study region included inland waters of the Salish Sea within a 20 km radius of the hydrophone deployment site. Spectra and hourly, daily, and monthly ambient noise statistics for unweighted broadband (0.02-30 kHz) and marine mammal, or M-weighted, sound pressure levels showed variability driven largely by vessel traffic. Over the calendar year, 1363 unique AIS transmitting vessels were recorded, with at least one AIS transmitting vessel present in the study area 90% of the time. A vessel noise budget was calculated for all vessels equipped with AIS transponders. Cargo ships were the largest contributor to the vessel noise budget, followed by tugs and passenger vessels. A simple model to predict received levels at the site based on an incoherent summation of noise from different vessels resulted in a cumulative probability density function of broadband sound pressure levels that shows good agreement with 85% of the temporal data.
一整年的自动识别系统（AIS）船舶交通数据与水听器记录配对，以评估华盛顿州普吉特湾阿德默勒尔蒂湾（美国）的环境噪声，并量化船舶交通的贡献。研究区域包括部署水听器的地点半径 20 公里范围内的萨利什海内陆水域。未加权宽带（0.02-30 kHz）和海洋哺乳动物或 M 加权声压级的频谱以及每小时、每日和每月的环境噪声统计数据显示，主要受船舶交通驱动的可变性。在整个日历年内，记录了 1363 艘独特的 AIS 发射船，在研究区域内至少有一艘 AIS 发射船存在的时间占 90%。为所有配备 AIS 应答器的船舶计算了船舶噪声预算。货船是船舶噪声预算的最大贡献者，其次是拖船和客船。基于不同船舶噪声的非相干叠加来预测站点接收水平的简单模型导致宽带声压级的累积概率密度函数，与 85%的时间数据具有很好的一致性。
