Obasikene G, Adobamen Proc, Okundia P, Ogusi F O
Department of Surgery, Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria.
Niger J Clin Pract. 2012 Oct-Dec;15(4):453-7. doi: 10.4103/1119-3077.104527.
Ototoxicity refers to damage of the cochlea and/or vestibular apparatus from exposure to chemical substances, resulting in hearing impairment and or disequilibrium. An earlier study carried out at University of Benin Teaching Hospital (UBTH) in 2000 implicated chloramphenicol as the commonest ototoxic drug, followed by antimalarials (Quinine).
To identify the commonly implicated drugs in patients diagnosed with ototoxicity in Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) Clinic of UBTH.
One-hundred and three patients' case notes, diagnosed as having ototoxicity, between June 2005 and July 2010 at the ENT Clinic of UBTH were reviewed. Seventy-nine cases met the criteria for diagnosis of ototoxicity in this study.
Intravenous quinine (19.0%) was the commonest implicated drug, followed by oral chloroquine (6.3%), antihypertensive drugs (nifedipine, moduretics, artenolol [6.3%]), native herbal medicine (13.9%), chloramphenicol (1.3%), and unidentifiable drugs accounted for 53.2%. Most patients had severe to profound hearing loss at 4000 Hz and at 8000 Hz. Tinnitus was found in 84.8% of the patients.
Quinine is still the commonest implicated ototoxic drug in this part of the country.
耳毒性是指因接触化学物质而导致的耳蜗和/或前庭器官损伤，从而引起听力障碍和/或平衡失调。2000年在贝宁大学教学医院（UBTH）进行的一项早期研究表明，氯霉素是最常见的耳毒性药物，其次是抗疟药（奎宁）。
确定在UBTH耳鼻喉科诊所被诊断为耳毒性的患者中常见的相关药物。
回顾了2005年6月至2010年7月在UBTH耳鼻喉科诊所被诊断为耳毒性的103例患者的病历。本研究中有79例符合耳毒性诊断标准。
静脉注射奎宁（19.0%）是最常见的相关药物，其次是口服氯喹（6.3%）、抗高血压药物（硝苯地平、髓袢利尿剂、阿替洛尔[6.3%]）、天然草药（13.9%）、氯霉素（1.3%），不明药物占53.2%。大多数患者在4000赫兹和8000赫兹时存在重度至极重度听力损失。84.8%的患者出现耳鸣。
在该国的这一地区，奎宁仍然是最常见的耳毒性相关药物。
