NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA.
Science. 2012 Dec 14;338(6113):1445-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1227416.
Black holes generate collimated, relativistic jets, which have been observed in gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), microquasars, and at the center of some galaxies [active galactic nuclei (AGN)]. How jet physics scales from stellar black holes in GRBs to the supermassive ones in AGN is still unknown. Here, we show that jets produced by AGN and GRBs exhibit the same correlation between the kinetic power carried by accelerated particles and the gamma-ray luminosity, with AGN and GRBs lying at the low- and high-luminosity ends, respectively, of the correlation. This result implies that the efficiency of energy dissipation in jets produced in black hole systems is similar over 10 orders of magnitude in jet power, establishing a physical analogy between AGN and GRBs.
黑洞产生准直的相对论喷流，这种喷流在伽马射线暴（GRB）、微类星体和一些星系的中心[活动星系核（AGN）]中都有观测到。从 GRB 中的恒星黑洞到 AGN 中的超大质量黑洞，喷流物理如何缩放仍然未知。在这里，我们表明，AGN 和 GRB 产生的喷流在加速粒子携带的动力量与伽马射线光度之间表现出相同的相关性，AGN 和 GRB 分别位于该相关性的低光度和高光度端。这一结果意味着在黑洞系统中产生的喷流中能量耗散的效率在喷流功率的 10 个数量级范围内是相似的，从而在 AGN 和 GRB 之间建立了一种物理类比。
