Bermúdez Sergio, Miranda Roberto, Zaldívar Yamitze, González Publio, Berguido Guido, Trejos Diomedes, Pascale Juan M, Labruna Marcelo
Departamento de Entomología Médica, Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud, Panamá, Panamá.
Biomedica. 2012 Jun;32(2):189-95. doi: 10.1590/S0120-41572012000300006.
Ectoparasites are the main vectors of rickettsiosis. In Panama, however, limited data are available concerning the arthropod species that serve as vectors or reservoirs.
Data are presented concerning the presence of Rickettsia in ectoparasites of wildlife and domestic animals in the Cerro Chucantí private nature reserve and in neighboring villages.
Nine humans, 95 domestic mammals and 48 wild mammals were examined. Twenty-one species of ectoparasites were obtained, including fleas, lice, ticks and mites. These were preserved in 95% ethanol. Later, the DNA was extracted from the ticks and fleas and analyzed by molecular techniques to detect presence of Rickettsia.
Of a total of 425 PCR reactions, 270 were positive for Rickettsia and 155 negative. Among the positive samples, 86 PCR amplified for the gltA gene (55% of positives) and 41 of these also amplified the ompA gene. DNA of Rickettsia amblyommii was found in horses ticks (Amblyomma cajennense, Dermacentor nitens), dogs ticks (Rhipicephalus sanguineus) and free living nymphs in the forest. Additionally, DNA of R. felis was found in fleas from dogs Ctenocephalides felis.
The presence of R. amblyommii and R. felis was detected in ticks and fleas of domestic animals in villages near Cerro Chucanti; however no Rickettsia DNA was found in ectoparasites of non-domestic wildlife.
外寄生虫是立克次体病的主要传播媒介。然而，在巴拿马，关于作为传播媒介或宿主的节肢动物种类的数据有限。
本文介绍了塞罗·丘坎蒂私人自然保护区及其周边村庄野生动物和家畜外寄生虫中立克次体的存在情况。
对9名人类、95只家养哺乳动物和48只野生哺乳动物进行了检查。共获得21种外寄生虫，包括跳蚤、虱子、蜱和螨。这些外寄生虫保存在95%乙醇中。随后，从蜱和跳蚤中提取DNA，并通过分子技术进行分析以检测立克次体的存在。
在总共425次聚合酶链反应（PCR）中，270次立克次体检测呈阳性，155次呈阴性。在阳性样本中，86次PCR扩增出gltA基因（占阳性样本的55%），其中41次还扩增出ompA基因。在马蜱（卡延钝缘蜱、美洲钝缘蜱）、狗蜱（血红扇头蜱）和森林中的自由生活若虫中发现了安氏立克次体的DNA。此外，在猫栉首蚤中发现了猫立克次体的DNA。
在塞罗·丘坎蒂附近村庄的家畜蜱和跳蚤中检测到了安氏立克次体和猫立克次体；然而，在非家养野生动物的外寄生虫中未发现立克次体DNA。
