Department of Oral Disease Research, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Research Institute, Obu, Japan.
Biomaterials. 2013 Mar;34(8):1888-97. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.10.045. Epub 2012 Dec 11.
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been used for cell therapy in various experimental disease models. However, the regenerative potential of MSCs from different tissue sources and the influence of the tissue niche have not been investigated. In this study, we compared the regenerative potential of dental pulp, bone marrow and adipose tissue-derived CD31(-) side population (SP) cells isolated from an individual porcine source. Pulp CD31(-) SP cells expressed the highest levels of angiogenic/neurotrophic factors and had the highest migration activity. Conditioned medium from pulp CD31(-) SP cells produced potent anti-apoptotic activity and neurite outgrowth, compared to those from bone marrow and adipose CD31(-) SP cells. Transplantation of pulp CD31(-) SP cells in a mouse hindlimb ischemia model produced higher blood flow and capillary density than transplantation of bone marrow and adipose CD31(-) SP cells. Motor function recovery and infarct size reduction were greater with pulp CD31(-) SP cells. Pulp CD31(-) SP cells induced maximal angiogenesis, neurogenesis and pulp regeneration in ectopic transplantation models compared to other tissue sources. These results demonstrate that pulp stem cells have higher angiogenic, neurogenic and regenerative potential and may therefore be superior to bone marrow and adipose stem cells for cell therapy.
间充质干细胞（MSCs）已被用于各种实验性疾病模型中的细胞治疗。然而，不同组织来源的 MSCs 的再生潜力以及组织龛的影响尚未得到研究。在这项研究中，我们比较了来自个体猪源的牙髓、骨髓和脂肪组织来源的 CD31(-)侧群（SP）细胞的再生潜力。牙髓 CD31(-) SP 细胞表达最高水平的血管生成/神经营养因子，并且具有最高的迁移活性。与骨髓和脂肪 CD31(-) SP 细胞相比，牙髓 CD31(-) SP 细胞的条件培养基产生了更强的抗细胞凋亡活性和神经突生长。在小鼠后肢缺血模型中移植牙髓 CD31(-) SP 细胞比移植骨髓和脂肪 CD31(-) SP 细胞产生更高的血流量和毛细血管密度。与骨髓和脂肪 CD31(-) SP 细胞相比，运动功能恢复和梗死面积减少更大。与其他组织来源相比，牙髓 SP 细胞在异位移植模型中诱导最大的血管生成、神经发生和牙髓再生。这些结果表明，牙髓干细胞具有更高的血管生成、神经生成和再生潜力，因此可能优于骨髓和脂肪干细胞用于细胞治疗。
