脊髓损伤中的成像技术。
Imaging techniques in spinal cord injury.
作者信息
Ellingson Benjamin M, Salamon Noriko, Holly Langston T
机构信息
Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA; Department of Biomedical Physics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA; Department of Bioengineering, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
出版信息
World Neurosurg. 2014 Dec;82(6):1351-8. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2012.12.004. Epub 2012 Dec 12.
BACKGROUND
Spinal imaging plays a critical role in the diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of patients with spinal cord injury (SCI). In recent years there has been increasing interest in the development of advanced imaging techniques to provide pertinent microstructural and metabolic information that is not provided by conventional modalities.
METHODS
This review details the pathophysiological structural changes that accompany SCI, as well as their imaging correlates. The potential clinical applications of novel spinal cord imaging techniques to SCI are presented.
RESULTS
There are a variety of novel advanced imaging techniques that are principally focused on the microstructural and/or biochemical function of the spinal cord, and can potentially be applied to traumatic SCI, including diffusion tensor imaging, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, positron emission tomography, single-photon emission computed tomography, and functional magnetic resonance imaging. These techniques are presently in various stages of development, including some whose applications are primarily limited to laboratory investigation, whereas others are being actively used in clinical practice.
CONCLUSION
Advanced imaging of the spinal cord has tremendous potential to provide patient-specific physiological information about the status of cord integrity and health. Advanced spinal cord imaging is still at early stages of development and clinical implementation but is likely to play an increasingly important role in the management of spinal cord health in the foreseeable future.
背景
脊柱成像在脊髓损伤（SCI）患者的诊断、治疗和康复中起着关键作用。近年来，人们对先进成像技术的开发越来越感兴趣，这些技术能够提供传统成像方式所无法提供的相关微观结构和代谢信息。
方法
本综述详细阐述了脊髓损伤所伴随的病理生理结构变化及其成像相关性。介绍了新型脊髓成像技术在脊髓损伤方面的潜在临床应用。
结果
有多种新型先进成像技术主要聚焦于脊髓的微观结构和/或生化功能，并且有可能应用于创伤性脊髓损伤，包括扩散张量成像、磁共振波谱、正电子发射断层扫描、单光子发射计算机断层扫描和功能磁共振成像。这些技术目前处于不同的发展阶段，其中一些技术的应用主要局限于实验室研究，而其他一些技术则正在临床实践中得到积极应用。
结论
脊髓的先进成像具有巨大潜力，能够提供关于脊髓完整性和健康状况的患者特异性生理信息。先进的脊髓成像仍处于开发和临床应用的早期阶段，但在可预见的未来，它可能会在脊髓健康管理中发挥越来越重要的作用。
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