Jäger M, Frasch K, Becker T
Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie II, Bezirkskrankenhaus Günzburg, Universität Ulm, Deutschland.
Nervenarzt. 2013 Sep;84(9):1081-2, 1084-90. doi: 10.1007/s00115-012-3675-6.
Against the background of the current preparation of ICD-11 and DSM-5, there is a discussion whether syndromal approaches should replace the traditional nosological diagnosis in psychiatry. From a historical point of view the syndromal approach results from a reaction to the nosological model of Emil Kraepelin. Later the syndromal diagnostic approach became more important because it enabled a quantitative-dimensional assessment and analysis of psychopathological data using modern statistical procedures. However, attempts to ascribe the traditional nosological categories to psychopathological syndromes using multivariate statistical methods have failed. The syndromal approach allows a differentiated recording of the cross-sectional symptomatology; however, a plurality of different syndromes might be registered without considering meaningful principles of classification and longitudinal aspects. The syndromal approach should be complemented by a nosological classification based mainly on the psychopathological course due to the absence of consistent neurobiological findings.
在当前国际疾病分类第11版（ICD - 11）和精神疾病诊断与统计手册第5版（DSM - 5）的编制背景下，存在一场关于综合征方法是否应取代精神病学中传统疾病分类诊断的讨论。从历史角度来看，综合征方法是对埃米尔·克雷佩林疾病分类模型的一种反应。后来，综合征诊断方法变得更加重要，因为它能够使用现代统计程序对精神病理学数据进行定量维度评估和分析。然而，使用多元统计方法将传统疾病分类类别归因于精神病理综合征的尝试失败了。综合征方法允许对横断面症状进行差异化记录；然而，在不考虑有意义的分类原则和纵向方面的情况下，可能会记录多种不同的综合征。由于缺乏一致的神经生物学发现，综合征方法应以主要基于精神病理过程的疾病分类为补充。
