King's College London, King's Health Partners, MRC and Asthma-UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, Department of Asthma, Allergy and Respiratory Science, Guy's Hospital, London, SE1 9RT, UK.
Expert Rev Mol Diagn. 2012 Nov;12(8):879-91. doi: 10.1586/erm.12.74.
Peanut allergy prevalence has increased in developed countries over the last few decades in the frame of the allergy epidemics, currently affecting 1-2% of children. While less frequent in developing countries, its prevalence is rising as these countries adopt a more westernized lifestyle. There is no curative treatment for peanut allergy at present so patient management relies on peanut avoidance, which requires an accurate diagnosis. Recent progress in peanut allergy diagnosis was made with the introduction of component resolved diagnosis that allows the assessment of IgE specific to individual peanut allergens. Component-resolved diagnosis needs to be interpreted in the context of clinical data but overall increases the diagnostic accuracy, as described in the typical cases that we present. Novel diagnostic tools have been proposed recently, such as the basophil activation test, mRNA expression and resonance magnetic evaluation of biomarkers.
在过去几十年的过敏流行中，发达国家的花生过敏患病率有所增加，目前影响了 1-2%的儿童。尽管在发展中国家较少见，但随着这些国家采用更西化的生活方式，其患病率也在上升。目前尚无针对花生过敏的治愈方法，因此患者管理依赖于避免食用花生，这需要进行准确的诊断。随着成分解析诊断的引入，花生过敏的诊断取得了一些新进展，该方法可以评估针对个别花生过敏原的 IgE。正如我们所介绍的典型病例所示，成分解析诊断需要结合临床数据进行解释，但总体上提高了诊断准确性。最近还提出了一些新的诊断工具，例如嗜碱性粒细胞激活试验、mRNA 表达和生物标志物的共振磁评估。
