Centre for Addiction Treatment, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Eur Addict Res. 2013;19(4):194-201. doi: 10.1159/000345229. Epub 2012 Dec 21.
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Some patients on opioid maintenance treatment (OMT) leave treatment temporarily or permanently. This study investigated whether patients interrupting their OMT differed from non-interrupters in sociodemographic and drug-use characteristics and examined acute/sub-acute somatic morbidity among the interrupters, prior to, during, and after OMT.
Cohort design. OBSERVATION PERIOD: 5 years prior to, up to first 5 years during, and up to 5 years after interruption of OMT.
The sample (n = 200) comprised 51 OMT interrupters and 149 non-interrupters. Data on patient characteristics were obtained from interviews and OMT register information. Data on somatic morbidity were gathered from hospital records.
Key patient characteristics among OMT interrupters and non-interrupters. Incidence rates of acute and sub-acute somatic disease incidents leading to hospital treatment (drug-related/non-drug-related/injuries) prior to/during/after OMT.
Interrupters and non-interrupters did not differ in sociodemographic characteristics, while longer duration of amphetamine and benzodiazepine dependence predicted OMT interruption. Interrupters scored significantly higher on drug-taking and overdose during OMT but still had a significant 41% reduction in drug-related treatment, episodes. After interruption of treatment, such episodes increased markedly and were 3.6 times more frequent during the first post-OMT year compared to the pre-OMT period (p < 0.001). This increase was highest during the first months after OMT interruption. 2-5 years after interruption there was no significant increase.
Increased somatic morbidity was found among OMT interrupters during the first year after OMT, and especially during the immediate post-treatment period.
背景/目的：一些接受阿片类药物维持治疗（OMT）的患者会暂时或永久停止治疗。本研究旨在调查中断 OMT 的患者在人口统计学和药物使用特征上是否与未中断者存在差异，并在 OMT 之前、期间和之后检查中断者的急性/亚急性躯体发病率。
队列设计。观察期：在 OMT 中断前 5 年，在 OMT 期间的前 5 年，以及 OMT 中断后 5 年。
样本（n=200）包括 51 名 OMT 中断者和 149 名未中断者。通过访谈和 OMT 登记信息获得患者特征数据。通过医院记录收集躯体发病率数据。
OMT 中断者和未中断者的关键患者特征。在 OMT 之前/期间/之后导致住院治疗（药物相关/非药物相关/损伤）的急性和亚急性躯体疾病事件的发生率。
中断者和未中断者在人口统计学特征上没有差异，而阿片剂和苯二氮䓬类药物依赖的持续时间较长则预测 OMT 中断。中断者在 OMT 期间的药物使用和过量情况明显更高，但药物相关治疗事件仍显著减少了 41%。在治疗中断后，这种情况明显增加，在 OMT 中断后的第一年比 OMT 之前的时期更为频繁，增加了 3.6 倍（p<0.001）。这种增加在 OMT 中断后的最初几个月最高。在 OMT 中断后 2-5 年，没有明显增加。
在 OMT 中断后的第一年，尤其是在治疗后立即的时期，中断 OMT 的患者发现躯体发病率增加。
