Department of Psychology, The Catholic University of America, Washington DC 20064, USA.
Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2013 Mar;19(3):325-8. doi: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2012.11.011. Epub 2012 Dec 21.
Dual task (DT) performance assesses the ability to perform two tasks simultaneously. Difficulty with DT performance may be a sensitive indicator of early Parkinson's disease (PD) impairment. The objective of this study was to assess what elements of a DT performance (cognition or gait) are most associated with impairment and disability in PD.
Performance in single and DT conditions was examined in 154 PD patients. The single task assessments included the time required to walk 50 feet (gait speed) and the number of words generated in a verbal fluency task (word generation). The DT comprised simultaneous performance of the single tasks. Impairment and disability were measured with the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale, Hoehn &Yahr, Berg Balance Scale, and Older Americans Resource and Services Scale. Age, education, and gender were control variables. Standardized residuals from regressions of DT upon single task performance were computed separately for word and gait, indicating the extent that the individual performed proportionally better/worse than predicted in DT considering their single task performance.
Multiple regressions revealed that individuals who performed worse than expected in DT-word had greater impairment and disability. Dual task-gait was not significant in any model. Verbal fluency during DT performance is more closely associated with PD-related impairment and disability than gait speed during DT.
This suggests that subjects prioritize gait performance at the expense of cognitive performance, and that DT word generation may be a sensitive indicator of early PD impairment and disability.
双重任务（DT）表现评估了同时执行两项任务的能力。DT 表现困难可能是早期帕金森病（PD）损害的敏感指标。本研究的目的是评估 DT 表现（认知或步态）的哪些元素与 PD 中的损害和残疾最相关。
在 154 名 PD 患者中检查了单任务和 DT 条件下的表现。单任务评估包括行走 50 英尺所需的时间（步态速度）和言语流畅性任务中生成的单词数量（单词生成）。DT 包括同时执行单任务。使用统一帕金森病评定量表、Hoehn 和 Yahr、伯格平衡量表和老年人资源和服务量表测量损害和残疾。年龄、教育和性别是控制变量。针对单词和步态分别计算了 DT 对单任务表现的回归的标准化残差，表明考虑到个体在 DT 中单任务表现，他们在 DT 中表现得比预期的好/差的程度。
多元回归显示，在 DT-word 中表现不如预期的个体，其损害和残疾程度更大。在任何模型中，DT 步态都不显著。与 DT 期间的步态速度相比，DT 期间的言语流畅性与 PD 相关的损害和残疾更为密切相关。
这表明，与认知表现相比，受试者优先考虑步态表现，并且 DT 单词生成可能是早期 PD 损害和残疾的敏感指标。
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