Toukan A
Jordan University Hospital, Amman.
Vaccine. 1990 Mar;8 Suppl:S117-21; discussion S134-8.
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and HBV-associated diseases are prevalent in many parts of the Middle East and North Africa. Postnatal horizontal childhood transmission appears to be the predominant method by which high hepatitis B carrier rates are maintained. To control hepatitis B in this region, mass immunization should be initiated prior to one year of age. This effort would be most cost-beneficial when integrated into the Expanded Programme of Immunization (EPI) and should be preceded by demonstration projects designed to gather practical data on the impact, methods and feasibility of such programmes which can subsequently be used to expand the immunization programme to other parts of the region.
乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染及HBV相关疾病在中东和北非的许多地区普遍存在。儿童期出生后水平传播似乎是维持高乙肝携带率的主要方式。为控制该地区的乙肝，应在一岁前开始大规模免疫接种。当纳入扩大免疫规划（EPI）时，这项工作将最具成本效益，并且在此之前应开展示范项目，以收集有关此类项目的影响、方法和可行性的实际数据，随后可用于将免疫规划扩展到该地区的其他地方。
