CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226 001, India.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2013 Mar;89:8-14. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.10.017. Epub 2012 Dec 27.
Arsenic, a carcinogenic metalloid severely affects plant growth in contaminated areas. Present study shows role of Trichoderma reesei NBRI 0716 (NBRI 0716) in ameliorating arsenic (As) stress on chickpea under greenhouse conditions. Arsenic stress adversely affected seed germination (25%), chlorophyll content (44%) and almost eliminated nodule formation that were significantly restored on NBRI 0716 inoculation. It also restored stem anomalies like reduced trichome turgidity and density, deformation in collenchymatous and sclerenchymatous cells induced by As stress. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR of stress responsive genes showed differential expression of genes involved in synthesis of cell wall degrading enzymes, dormancy termination and abiotic stress. Upregulation of drought responsive genes (DRE, EREBP, T6PS, MIPS, and PGIP), enhanced proline content and shrunken cortex cells in the presence of As suggests that it creates water deficiency in plants and these responses were modulated by NBRI 0716 which provides a protective role. NBRI0716 mediated production of As reductase enzyme in chickpea and thus contributed in As metabolism. The study suggests a multifarious role of NBRI0716 in mediating stress tolerance in chickpea towards As.
砷，一种致癌的类金属，严重影响污染地区的植物生长。本研究表明，木霉（Trichoderma reesei NBRI 0716（NBRI 0716））在温室条件下缓解菜豆砷（As）胁迫中的作用。砷胁迫对种子发芽（25%）、叶绿素含量（44%）产生不利影响，并几乎消除了根瘤的形成，而 NBRI 0716 的接种显著恢复了这些影响。它还恢复了茎的异常，如由 As 胁迫引起的毛状体膨压和密度降低、厚角组织和厚壁组织细胞变形。胁迫响应基因的半定量 RT-PCR 显示，参与细胞壁降解酶合成、休眠终止和非生物胁迫的基因表达存在差异。干旱响应基因（DRE、EREBP、T6PS、MIPS 和 PGIP）的上调、脯氨酸含量的增加以及 As 存在时皮层细胞的收缩表明，它会导致植物缺水，而这些反应是由 NBRI 0716 调节的，NBRI 0716 提供了保护作用。NBRI0716 在菜豆中介导产生砷还原酶，从而有助于砷的代谢。该研究表明，NBRI0716 在介导菜豆对 As 的胁迫耐受方面具有多种作用。
