Shen Ping, Lampropoulou Vicky, Stervbo Ulrik, Hilgenberg Ellen, Ries Stefanie, Mecqinion Aurelie, Fillatreau Simon
Immune regulation group, Deutsche Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, a Leibniz institute, Chariteplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
Front Biosci (Elite Ed). 2013 Jan 1;5(1):78-86. doi: 10.2741/e597.
B cells can contribute to immunity through production of antibodies, presentation of antigen to T cells, and secretion of cytokines. B cell activation can result in various outcomes for the host. In general B cell responses are beneficial during infections, and deleterious during autoimmune diseases. However, B cells can also limit host defence against pathogens, and protect from autoimmune pathologies. B cells can therefore act both as drivers and as regulators of immunity. Understanding how these opposite functions are mediated shall stimulate the elaboration of novel approaches for manipulating the immune system. B cells might acquire distinct functional properties depending on their mode of activation. Antigen-specific B cell responses require triggering of B cell receptor (BCR) by antigen, and provision of helper signals by T cells. B cells also express various innate immune receptors, and can directly respond to microbial products. Here, we discuss how intrinsic signalling via Toll-like receptors contributes to the suppressive functions of B cells during autoimmune and infectious diseases.
B细胞可通过产生抗体、向T细胞呈递抗原以及分泌细胞因子来促进免疫。B细胞活化会给宿主带来多种结果。一般来说，B细胞反应在感染期间是有益的，而在自身免疫性疾病期间是有害的。然而，B细胞也可能会限制宿主对病原体的防御，并预防自身免疫性病变。因此，B细胞既可以作为免疫的驱动因素，也可以作为免疫的调节因素。了解这些相反的功能是如何介导的，将促进开发操纵免疫系统的新方法。B细胞可能会根据其活化方式获得不同的功能特性。抗原特异性B细胞反应需要抗原触发B细胞受体（BCR），并由T细胞提供辅助信号。B细胞还表达各种天然免疫受体，并能直接对微生物产物作出反应。在此，我们讨论通过Toll样受体的内在信号传导如何在自身免疫性疾病和感染性疾病期间促进B细胞的抑制功能。
